除草剂对寒地水稻生长特性影响的初步研究

Effect of various herbicide treatments on rice growth characteristics in cold

为明确除草剂对寒地水稻生长特性的影响,采用单因素随机区组试验,设置600 g/L丁草胺水乳剂1500、2100、2700 mL/hm^(2)和24%乙氧氟草醚乳油150、300、450 mL/hm^(2)共6个施药处理,并设置不施除草剂的对照,调查各处理区水稻生长发育情况。结果表明,丁草胺低剂量处理对水稻株高和茎数的影响最小,对分蘖期气孔导度、蒸腾速率,齐穗期蒸腾速率,灌浆期气孔导度、净光合速率和蒸腾速率的抑制最弱;乙氧氟草醚低剂量处理对水稻分蘖期净光合速率,齐穗期气孔导度、净光合速率的影响最小,对根长和根平均直径的影响最小;乙氧氟草醚低剂量处理的成熟期水稻干物质积累量与产量最高,均显著高于对照。除草剂处理对寒地水稻生长发育负面影响的程度随用药量的升高而加重,因此建议在寒地稻田使用上述除草剂时选择较低剂量。

This study conducted a one-way randomized block trial to investigate the effect of different herbicides on the growth characteristics of cold region rice,aiming to provide a reference for the safe use of herbicides on cold region rice.Six herbicide treatments,butachlor EW at 1500,2100,and 2700 mL/hm^(2),and oxyfluorfen EC at 150,300,and 450 mL/hm^(2),were used.A control group with no herbicide applied was also included.The results suggest that the low concentration of butachlor treatment had the least impact on rice plant height and stem tiller number.Additionally,it had the least inhibitory effect on stomatal conductance and transpiration rate at the tillering stage,transpiration rate at the spike flushing stage,and stomatal conductance,net photosynthesis rate,and transpiration rate at the filling stage.At the tillering stage,the net photosynthesis rate was least affected by the application of oxyfluorfen EC 150 mL/hm~2.The stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate at the spike flushing stage,and the length and mean diameter of roots in rice were also least affected by this treatment.In summary,herbicide treatments have an impact on the growth and development of cold-land rice,and the negative effects of herbicide treatments on the growth of cold-land rice increase with the concentration of the application.Therefore,it is recommended to use lower concentrations when applying the mentioned herbicides to rice in cold regions.