汉语二语空主语和空宾语的不对称及其影响因素

Asymmetry of Null Subject and Null Object in L2 Chinese and Related Factors

以往研究发现汉语二语产出中空主语和空宾语存在不对称现象,并受二语水平、有生性、句法位置等因素影响。本研究采用可接受度判断任务考察母语为日语和韩语的汉语二语学习者对汉语空主语和空宾语句的感知,从语言理解视角探讨汉语二语空主语和空宾语的不对称现象,以及二语水平、有生性和句法位置的影响。结果显示,二语者对空主语与空宾语句的感知表现出不对称性,空主语可接受度总体高于空宾语;二语水平和有生性对汉语二语空论元的感知有显著影响,但句法位置的影响不显著;随着二语水平的提高,汉语二语者在感知空论元上的表现越来越接近汉语母语者。

Asymmetry between null subjects and null objects was found among L2 Chinese learners in previous studies and was affected by factors such as L2 proficiency,animacy,and syntactic position.The current study used an acceptability judgement task to examine the perception of Chinese null subjects and null objects of Japanese-speaking and Korean-speaking Chinese learners and explore the asymmetry of Chinese null subjects and null objects through the perspective of language comprehension.The results suggested that the asymmetry was found between the learners’perception of null subjects and null objects;L2 proficiency and animacy significantly affected the perception of null subjects and null objects,while syntactic position did not.With the improvement of L2 proficiency,the performance of learners shows more similarities to that of Chinese native speakers.