文学与符号的互动——论《布拉格墓园》中“虚假成真”的符号衍义系统

The Interactive Relationship between Literature and Symbols--The Symbolic Derivation System of“Falsification Becoming True”in The Prague Cemetery

意大利作家翁贝托·埃科的小说《布拉格墓园》从一个虚构人物“西莫尼尼”的视角重新解释了《锡安长老议定书》的诞生过程。小说围绕“虚假成真”形成了兼具含混、互文反讽等特点的符号衍义系统,为读者参与文本游戏提供了广阔的空间。埃科的文学观念受到其符号观的影响,他提出“文本意图”的概念,认为文本是生成性的动态客体。透过《布拉格墓园》,我们看到“文本意图”体现在小说的符号架构及所指层面的衍义上,由文本、作者与读者共同实现,是一种有度的意义生产,充分彰显了埃科兼具结构主义与后结构主义思想的符号诗学理念。

The novel The Prague Cemetery by the Italian author Umberto Eco reinterprets the birth process of the Zion Elder Protocol from the personalized perspective of a fictional character“Simonini”.The novel revolves around the formation of a symbolic semantic system that combines ambiguity and intertextual irony,providing readers with broad space to participate in text games.Eco’s literary concept was influenced by his semiotic view,and he proposed the concept of“the intention of the text”,believing that the text is a generative dynamic object.Through The Prague Cemetery,we can see that“the intention of the text”is reflected in the symbolic structure of the novel and the derivative meaning of the signified level,which is realized by the text,the author and the reader together.It is a kind of meaningful production,and Eco’s semiotic poetics,which combines structuralism and post structuralism,has been fully demonstrated.