基于加速康复外科理念的术前预康复护理模式在妇科肿瘤患者中的应用

Application of preoperative pre rehabilitation nursing model based on enhanced recovery after surgery concept in gynecological tumor patients

目的探讨基于加速康复外科(ERAS)理念的术前预康复护理模式在妇科肿瘤患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年7月至2023年3月于九江市妇幼保健医院接受手术治疗的50例妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各25例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采取基于ERAS理念的术前预康复护理。比较两组心理状态、术后康复进程以及术后并发症发生率。结果干预前,两组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组患者SAS、SDS评分均低于干预前,且观察组患者SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者胃肠通气时间、术后下床平均活动时间、术后首次进食时间和住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在妇科肿瘤患者中采取基于ERAS理念的术前预康复护理模式,可有效减少患者负面情绪,降低术后腹胀、尿潴留等并发症发生率,从而促进患者康复。

Objective To explore the application effect of preoperative pre rehabilitation nursing model based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)in gynecological tumor patients.Methods Fifty gynecological tumor patients who underwent surgical treatment at Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the research subjects,and the patients were divided into control and observation groups using random number table method,with 25 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received preoperative pre rehabilitation care based on ERAS concept on the basis of the control group.The psychological status,postoperative rehabilitation progress,and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results Before intervention,there were no significant differences in self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of SAS and SDS in both groups were lower than before intervention,and the scores of SAS and SDS in observation group were lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The time of gastrointestinal ventilation,the mean time of getting out of bed after surgery,the time of eating for the first time after surgery and the time of hospitalization in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in observation group was lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In patients with gynecological tumors,preoperative pre-rehabilitation nursing model abased on ERAS concept can effectively reduce patients'negative emotions,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications such as abdominal distension and urinary retention,so as to promote the recovery of patients.