稻田和池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹蟹种的质量评价

Quality Evaluation of Crabseed(Eriocheir sinensis)Cultured in Rice Field and Earthen Pond

池塘和稻田是中华绒螯蟹蟹种(1龄幼蟹)养殖的2种主要方式,尚不清楚这2种养殖方式下蟹种质量是否存在差异。该研究系统比较了稻田配合饲料投喂组(Ⅰ组)、稻田传统饲料投喂组(Ⅱ组)和池塘投喂配合饲料组(Ⅲ组)蟹种的肝胰腺指数和色泽、肥满度、常规生化组成和蟹种在成蟹早期的养殖性能。结果显示:(1)Ⅰ组蟹种的平均肝胰腺指数和肥满度均显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。就肝胰腺色泽而言,Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组肝胰腺的亮度(L*)显著低于Ⅱ组肝胰腺(P<0.05),而红度(a*)均显著高于Ⅱ组肝胰腺(P<0.05),肝胰腺黄度(b*)最高的是Ⅱ组,而Ⅰ组肝胰腺的黄度(b*)最低(P<0.05);(2)就幼蟹肝胰腺和躯体的常规生化而言,I组雌体肝胰腺和躯体、Ⅲ组雄体肝胰腺中的粗脂肪含量都显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),其余常规生化成分均无显著差异(P>0.05);(3)就蟹种在成蟹早期的养殖性能而言,Ⅰ组成活率最高,Ⅱ组蜕壳间期最长,且质量增加率和特定生长率最低,整体上I组和III组的蜕壳周期和质量增加率比较接近。综上所述,在相同的投喂模式下,稻田和池塘养殖的中华绒螯蟹蟹种质量无明显差异,但稻田养殖蟹种的肝胰腺指数、肥满度和肝胰腺红度值优于池塘蟹种,这为稻田养殖蟹种的技术提升和推广提供了参考。

Earthen pond and rice field were the two main ways of culture of Eriocheir sinensis crabseed(1-year-old juveniles),and it is not clear whether there are differences in the quality of their crabseed.In this study,the hepatopancreas index,hepatopancreas color,condition factor,conventional biochemical composition and culture performance of crabseed in early adult stage were systematically compared among the three groups:rice field compound diet group(group I),rice field traditional diet group(group II)and earthenpond compound diet group(group III).The results showed that:(1)The average hepatopancreas index and condition factor of crabseed in group I were significantly higher than those in groups II and III(P<0.05).In terms of the color of the hepatopancreas,the brightness(L*)of the hepatopancreas in groups I and III was significantly lower than that in the hepatopancreas in the II group(P<0.05),while the redness(a*)was significantly higher than that in the hepatopancreas in the II group(P<0.05),the hepatopancreas yellowness(b*)was the highest in group II,while the hepatopancreas yellowness(b*)in group I was the lowest(P<0.05);(2)As for the conventional biochemistry of juvenile crab hepatopancreas and body,the crude lipid content in the female hepatopancreas and body of group I and the male hepatopancreas of group III were significantly higher than those in group II(P<0.05),and the other conventional biochemical components were all higher than those of group II(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in other conventional biochemical components(P>0.05);(3)In terms of the culture performance of crabseed in early adult stage,group I had the highest survival rate,group II had the longest molting interphase,and had the lowest weight gain rate and specific growth rate.On the whole,the molting interphase and weight gain rate of groups I and III were similar.To sum up,under the same feeding mode,there was no significant difference in the quality of E.sinensis crabseed cultured in rice field and earthenpond,but the hepatopancreas index,condition factor and hepatopancreas redness values of crabseed cultured in rice field were better than crabseed in earthenpond,which provides a reference for the technical improvement and promotion of crabseed in rice field.