论法院数字共同体的构建:以人工智能辅助司法为视角

On Construction of Digital Community in Court:Based on Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Judicial Adjudication

人类个体知识传递面临如何转化为群体知识、如何实现代际传承两大难题,具体到法律领域表现为教育的代际递减、案例的信息过载与立法的过度抽象,从而导致了“同案不同判”“同错常同犯”以及裁判规则难以转化为社会行为准则三大问题。各国司法将视线投向人工智能技术,在智能辅助司法事务和有限的智能审判上的探索初具成效,但让算法学会裁判的“正向路径”则受各种因素影响而举步维艰。在强人工智能成熟前,人民法院通过构建案件质量回溯数字共同体以避免法官办理错案的“反向路径”更为可行。通过错案规则的结构化、代码化、平台化,彻底打破个体与群体、群体代际之间的隔阂,以此为雏形逐步构建出司法数据共建共治、司法资源共通共享、法律知识共学共用的数字共同体,以司法领域人机共融的路径实现从碳基生命向硅基生命的跨越式革命。

The transmission of human individual knowledge faces two major problems:how to transform into group knowledge and how to achieve intergenerational inheritance,which are manifested in the legal field as the intergenerational decline of education,the information overload of cases and the excessive abstraction of legislation,which leads to three major problems:different judgments in the same case,common complicity in the same mistake,and difficulty in transforming adjudication rules into social behavior rules.Judicials in various countries have turned their attention to artificial intelligence technology,and the exploration of intelligent assistance in judicial affairs and limited intelligent trial has begun to bear fruit,but it is difficult to let the“positive path”of algorithm learning adjudication be affected by various factors,and before the maturity of strong artificial intelligence,it is more feasible for people's courts to build a digital community of case quality to avoid judges handling errors.Through the structure,code,and platform of the rules for wrongful cases,we will build a digital community for wrongful cases,completely break the barriers between individuals,and groups,and gradually build a digital community of judicial data co-construction,judicial resource sharing and legal knowledge,and realize a leapfrog revolution from carbon-based life to silicon-based life with the path of human-machine integration in the judicial field.