血小板抗体与不良孕产史及妊娠次数的关系

Correlation analysis of platelet antibodies with adverse pregnancy outcome history and number of pregnancies

目的:通过分析孕妇妊娠期的血小板抗体检测结果,探讨血小板抗体与不良孕产史以及妊娠次数的关系。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年10月在医院产科分娩的484例孕妇,孕妇妊娠期均接受血小板抗体检测,分析其临床资料,根据不良孕产史情况分为有不良孕产史组(84例)及无不良孕产史组(400例),比较2组血小板抗体阳性率;根据妊娠次数分为甲乙丙3组:甲组(1次),乙组(2~3次),丙组(>3次),比较其血小板抗体阳性率;比较血小板抗体阳性组(42例)和抗体阴性组(442例)的分娩方式。结果:有不良孕产史组和无不良孕产史组血小板抗体阳性率分别是14.3%和7.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠次数不同,3组血小板抗体阳性率(甲组:6.3%;乙组:7.5%;丙组:15.5%)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,妊娠次数和血小板抗体阳性有线性趋势(P<0.05)。结论:有不良孕产史孕妇血小板抗体阳性率增高;随着妊娠次数增加,孕妇血小板抗体阳性率升高;将血小板抗体检测作为妊娠期的产检项目可以更好地监测孕妇和胎儿的健康状态,可以有效地探讨流产的原因、预测及早期预防胎儿和新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症。

Objective:To analyze the testing results of platelet antibody in pregnant women during pregnancy,so as to explore the relationship between platelet antibody and adverse pregnancy outcome history and the number of pregnancies.Methods:A total of 484 pregnant women who delivered in the obstetrics department of our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were selected.All of them received platelet antibody detection during pregnancy,and their clinical data were analyzed.According to the outcome of adverse pregnancy,they were divided into the group with adverse pregnancy history(84 cases)and the group without adverse pregnancy history(400 cases),the positive rate of platelet antibody was compared between the two groups.Cases were divided into three groups according to the number of pregnancies:group A(1 time),group B(2-3 times),and group C(>3 times),and the positive rates of platelet antibody were compared;The mode of delivery was compared between the platelet antibody positive group(42 cases)and the platelet antibody negative group(442 cases).Results:The positive rate of platelet antibody in groups with and without adverse pregnancy outcome was 14.3%vs 7.5%,showing statistical significance(P<0.05).The positive rate of platelet antibody of Group A,B and C was 6.3%,7.5%and 15.5%respectively,with the significant differences(P<0.05).The statistical analysis of inter-groupχ^(2)test demonstrated a linear trend between the number of pregnancies and platelet antibodies yielding(χ^(2)=5.54,P<0.05).Conclusion:Platelet antibody positivity rate increased in pregnant women with adverse pregnancy history.As the number of pregnancies increased,the positive rate of platelet antibodies in pregnant women increased.Platelet antibody testing as a maternity test during pregnancy could better monitor the health status of pregnant women and fetuses,and could be effective in exploring the causes of miscarriage,prediction and early prevention of fetal and neonatal isoimmune thrombocytopenia.