铅离子印迹电化学传感器的制备及检测性能研究

Preparation and Performance Research of Lead Ion Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection

重金属因其具有高毒性、致癌性和潜在的生物积累性,引发的环境问题受到广泛关注。为精确监测环境中的重金属污染,结合电化学分析和离子印迹技术的优势,构筑了对铅离子的高灵敏电化学传感器。利用铅离子作为模板,采用3-(γ-氨基乙氨基)-丙基-三甲基硅烷作为功能单体,在介孔硅表面,通过共缩聚法制备了离子印迹聚合物,并将其作为电化学传感器的核心识别元件。经过优化碳糊电极的组成,制备了一系列高选择性的离子印迹电化学传感器,并对其电化学行为进行了分析。测试结果表明,所制传感器对铅离子的检测线性范围为10^(-9)~10^(-6) mol/L,且检出限达到1.3×10^(-11) mol/L(信噪比=3)。在对河水和大米等实际样品的检测中,传感器展现了高灵敏性(相对标准偏差为2.5%~7.4%)和高准确性(回收率为98.8%~102.9%),表明其在环境监测和食品安全检测方面具有应用潜力。

Heavy metals are of widespread concern due to their high toxicity,carcinogenicity,and potential for bioaccumulation,which contribute to environmental issues.To precisely monitor heavy metal pollution in the environment,this study leverages the advantages of electrochemical analysis and ion imprinting technology to develop a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for lead ions.Utilizing lead ion as template molecule and 3-(-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane as the functional monomer,an ion-imprinted polymer was synthesized on a mesoporous silica substrate through a co-condensation method and integrated as the key recognition element of the electrochemical sensor.By meticulously tuning the composition of the carbon paste electrode,a series of ion-imprinted electrochemical sensors with exceptional selectivity were prepared and their electrochemical behavior were thoroughly evaluated.The test results demonstrate that the fabricated sensors offer a linear detection range for lead ion from 10^(-9)to 10^(-6)mol/L,with a detection limit reaching 1.3×10^(-11)mol/L(signal-to-noise ratio=3).In the detection of real samples such as river water and rice,the sensors exhibited high sensitivity(relative standard deviation of 2.5%~7.4%)and high accuracy(recovery rates of 98.8%~102.9%),indicating their significant potential for application in environmental monitoring and food safety detection.