从东道主凝视到空间认同: 闽西传统村落居民环境感知研究

From Local Gaze to Spatial Identity:A Study on the Environmental Perceptions Among Residents of Traditional Village in Western Fujian

大众旅游时代的到来,使传统村落拥有了遗产地、社区、景区多重身份,作为东道主,当地村民也开始回望凝视并重新审视起曾为日常景观的村落环境,并产生新的空间感知。研究以福建永定洪坑村为例,通过问卷调查、认知地图的方式,从文化认知、情感偏好、行为活动三个维度调查当地村民对村落环境空间感知的差异。结果表明,村民普遍对展示场所、前舞台化空间存在文化认知维度高、情感偏好维度低的感知意向;对邻里交往空间、集体记忆空间呈现情感偏好维度高的感知意向;村民活动路径以家为中心向周边扩散,且活动范围存在性别差异。最后,基于上述村民环境感知差异与行为倾向,本研究提出了洪坑村人居环境提升策略,从而增强村民对本村落的空间认同感。

The arrival of the mass tourism era has endowed traditional villages with multiple identities,including heritage sites,communities,and tourist destinations.As hosts,local villagers have begun to reflect upon and reevaluate the village environment,which was once an integral part of their daily landscape,leading to the development of new spatial perceptions.This study takes Hongkeng Village in Fujian,China,as a case study and employs questionnaire surveys and cognitive mapping techniques to investigate the differences in local residents'perceptions of the village environment from three dimensions:cultural cognition,emotional preferences,and behavioral activities.The findings reveal that villagers generally exhibit a high cultural cognition dimension and a low emotional preference dimension in their perceptions of exhibition spaces and front-stage settings.In contrast,they display a high emotional preference dimension in their perceptions of neighborhood interaction spaces and collective memory spaces.Villagers'activity paths radiate outward from their homes,and there are gender differences in the scope of their activities.Finally,the study presents strategies for enhancing the living environment in traditional villages,aiming to strengthen the spatial identity of local residents towards their own village.