全民所有自然资源资产损害民事救济的实现路径

The Implemantation Path of Civil Relief for Damage to Natural Resource Assets Owned by the State

国家作为全民所有自然资源资产所有权人的损害赔偿请求权在司法实践中长期处于休眠状态,传统的财产侵权损害赔偿与生态环境损害赔偿均难以实现对全民所有自然资源资产所有权损害的全面救济。全民所有自然资源资产所有权相较于民法上的传统所有权而言具有诸多特殊性,应将全民所有自然资源资产损害的救济定位为一种特殊的私权救济,在特殊所有权视阈下对损害赔偿进行适度的公益性扩张。以全民所有权作为全民所有自然资源资产损害救济的权利基础,探索全民所有自然资源资产所有权损害救济之上附带生态环境公共利益救济的可能性,规范全民所有自然资源资产损害赔偿的救济类型,明确索赔主体,厘清损害赔偿范围,完善公益性的救济程序并妥善处理好其与关联诉讼的关系。

The right of the state,as the owner of all natural resource assets,to claim compensation for damages has been in a dormant state for a long time in judicial practice.Traditional compensation for property infringement damages and ecological environment damages are difficult to achieve comprehensive relief for damage to the ownership of all natural resource assets.Compared to traditional ownership in civil law,the ownership of natural resource assets owned by the general public has many special characteristics.Therefore,the relief of damage to natural resource assets owned by the general public should be positioned as a special private right relief,and limited public welfare expansion of compensation for damage should be carried out from the perspective of special ownership.Exploring the possibility of ecological and environmental public interest relief attached to the relief of damage caused by the ownership of all natural resource assets as the right basis for the relief of damage caused by the ownership of all natural resource assets.Standardize the types of remedies for compensation for damage to natural resource assets owned by the whole population,clarify the subject of the claim,clarify the scope of compensation for damage,improve public welfare relief procedures,and properly handle their relationship with related litigation.