SNP芯片评估欧拉藏羊群体遗传多样性和遗传结构

Evaluated of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure in Euler Tibetan Sheep Population by SNPs Chip

为了解欧拉藏羊群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构,利用SNP 50K芯片检测了45只欧拉藏羊(20只公羊、25只母羊)的SNP,并进行了血样DNA提取和检测、基因组DNA的SNA分型和数据质检、群体的PCA分析、近交系数分析、亲缘关系分析、遗传距离分析、家系构建分析。结果表明,45只欧拉藏羊共得到64 734个SNP标记,质检后符合要求的数量为57 066个,其中1号染色体上有6 170个SNP位点,24号染色体上有830个位点;45只欧拉藏羊共检测到380个ROH,ROH平均近交系数为0.034,其中公羊的平均近交系数为0.052,母羊的平均近交系数为0.018,说明欧拉藏羊的近交程度不太高。从家系构建分析可知,欧拉藏羊公羊群体可分为8个家系,有5个家系公羊只有1只。后期应加强后代的扩繁和选育,以保证血统的完整。

In order to understand the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Euler Tibetan sheep population,SNP 50K chip was used to detect SNP in 45 Euler Tibetan sheep(20 rams and 25 ewes).DNA extraction and detection from blood samples,SNA typing of genomic DNA and data quality examination,PCA analysis of population,inbreeding coefficient analysis,genetic distance analysis,and family construction analysis were performed in Euler Tibetan sheep.The results showed that 64734 SNPs were obtained from 45 Euler Tibetan sheep,and the number of SNPs was 57066 after quality control.The most SNPs were 6170 in the chromosome 1 and 830 in the chromosome 24.A total of 380 ROHs were detected in 45 Euler Tibetan sheep.The average inbreeding coefficient of ROH was 0.034,the average inbreeding coefficient of ram was 0.052,and the average inbreeding coefficient of ewes was 0.018.The inbreeding degree of Euler Tibetan sheep was not very high.Based on the analysis of the construction of evolutionary tree,the population of Euler Tibetan ram could be divided into 8 families,and there were 5 families with only 1 ram.In the later stage,it is necessary to strengthen the expansion and breeding of offspring to ensure the integrity of the bloodline.