吐蕃黄金制品上的狮纹研究

An Analysis of Lion Designs on Antique Tibetan Gold and Silver Artifacts

西藏、青海等地考古发掘出土,以及由私人或国内外博物馆收藏的吐蕃金银器及饰件,数量可观,已成为研究吐蕃社会历史与文化面貌的实物材料之一。以吐蕃金银器、饰件上所含有的狮子纹样为线索,根据特点与形态将其进行初步分类,在此基础上与不同文化中的狮纹题材进行比对,可以观察到吐蕃金银器物、饰件上的狮纹在制作时参考、借鉴了唐代中原、西亚萨珊波斯以及中亚粟特文化中的艺术表现手法与风格,并且展现出较为清晰的艺术演变脉络。同时,吐蕃工匠在创制时并未一概照搬,而是融合多种狮纹样式于吐蕃金银器物之上,所形成的独特风格也是体现吐蕃多元荟萃审美艺术特点的一个例证。

The quantity of Tibetan gold and silver products and decorations is noteworthy,having remained unearthed by archaeological digs in the Tibet Autonomous Region,Qinghai,and other locations,as well as by private persons or museums.Antique Tibetan gold and silver goods are now one of the tangible resources used to research Tubo’s social history and cultural perspective.This study compares the lion patterns found in various cultures with the ones found in Tibetan gold and silver artifacts and ornaments.It finds that the lion patterns on Tibetan gold and silver artifacts and ornaments draw inspiration from the artistic expressions and styles of the Tang Dynasty,Sassanid Persia in West Asia,and Sogdian culture in Central Asia,indicating a relatively clear artistic evolution.The distinctive style that resulted is another illustration of the qualities of the varied aesthetic art of Tubo.However,the Tibetan artisans did not replicate all of the aforementioned styles while they were creating them;instead,they combined a number of lion patterns on the Tibetan gold and silver goods.