无痛分娩临床应用中的伦理困境及应对措施

Ethical Dilemmas and Corresponding Measures in the Clinical Application of Painless Delivery

随着我国推出全面放开生育新政策,越来越多的产妇将会面临分娩之痛。虽然无痛分娩技术已经有百年的历史,但是在我国整体的普及率还远远低于欧美国家,在临床使用过程中仍然面临着严峻的问题,包括知情同意落实不规范、价值观和认知度的不足、麻醉医师的缺乏与舒适分娩需求之间的矛盾、医保支付政策不完善以及用药风险等伦理问题。因此,为了有效规避伦理风险,规范无痛分娩的临床应用。提出应该保障产妇的健康权和生命权、规范知情同意、完善医保支付政策、完善相关法律制度、加强人文关怀合理推广无痛分娩。

With the introduction of new policies in China that comprehensively lift birth restrictions,an increasing number of expectant mothers will face the pain of childbirth.Although labor analgesia technology has a century of history,the overall popularity rate in China is still far lower than that of European and American countries.In the clinical application process,it still faces severe challenges,including non-standard implementation of informed consent,insufficient values and awareness,conflicts between the shortage of anesthesiologists and the demand for comfortable delivery,imperfect medical insurance payment policies,and ethical issues such as medication risks.Therefore,in order to effectively avoid ethical risks and standardize the clinical application of painless delivery,it is proposed to safeguard the health and life rights of puerpera,standardize informed consent,improve medical insurance payment policies,improve relevant legal systems,strengthen humanistic care,and promote painless childbirth in a reasonable manner.