煤矿采空区山体诱发崩塌地质灾害形成机理分析及其应用——以大平煤矿为例

Analysis and application of the formation mechanism of mountain inducedcollapse geological disaster above coal mine goaf—Taking Daping Coal Mine as an Example

为避免煤矿采空区山体诱发崩塌地质灾害,根据实际工程情况,分析了郑州煤炭工业(集团)有限责任公司大平煤矿采空区的山体诱发崩塌地质灾害的形成机理。通过实地考察和勘探,研究了该矿矿脉山体结构、地质条件、周围环境、采矿活动等多方面因素;通过分析山体崩塌的破坏特征和影响诱发因素发现,边坡上部危岩块体、临空状态、软弱结构等因素是形成崩塌灾害的主要成因,同时降雨、人为活动以及地震灾害等也是导致危岩体失稳坠落形成崩塌的主要因素;通过量化影响因素指标并结合破坏准则,建立了地质灾害临界判别机理分析模型。该模型在实际工程应用中获得了采空区崩塌地质灾害分析结果,结果表明只要控制和稳定地质结构就可避免相关地质灾害的发生。

In order to avoid geological disasters caused by mountain collapse in goaf areas of coal mines,the formation mechanism of geological disasters caused by mountain collapse in goaf areas of Daping Coal Mine of Zhengzhou Coal Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.was analyzed based on actual engineering conditions.Through on-site investigation and exploration,various factors such as the geological structure,geological conditions,surrounding environment,and mining activities of the ore vein in the coal mine were studied.Through analyzing the damage characteristics and influencing factors of mountain collapse,it was found that the main causes of collapse disasters were the dangerous rock blocks,critical state,and weak structures in the upper part of the slope,and the rainfall,human activities,and earthquake disasters were also the main factors leading to the instability and collapse of dangerous rock blocks.A critical discrimination mechanism analysis model for geological disasters was established by quantifying influencing factor indicators and failure criteria.The model has obtained the analysis results of collapse geological disasters of goaf area in practical engineering applications,and the results show that as long as the geological structure is controlled and stabilized,the occurrence of related geological hazards can be avoided.