白云石粉与氧化镁肥对植烟土壤与烟叶钙镁营养元素的影响

Effects of Dolomite Powder and Magnesium Oxide Fertilizer on Calcium and Magnesium Nutrient Elements in Tobacco Planting Soil and Tobacco Leaves

研究施用白云石粉与氧化镁肥对植烟土壤交换性钙、镁含量和烟叶钙、镁等营养元素的影响,为烟区优化施肥措施提供科学支撑。在植烟土壤交换性钙、镁偏低的典型区域,采用随机区组试验设计,设置不同白云石粉、氧化镁肥施用量,通过田间小区试验,测定各处理烟草不同生育期土壤交换性镁、交换性镁、速效氮磷钾与烟叶钙、镁、氮、磷、钾的含量,观测最大叶长、最大叶宽、株高、茎围、节距等农艺性状。结果表明,施用3000 kg/hm^(2)白云石粉在烟叶生长48、68 d和烟叶收获后的土壤交换性镁含量均显著高于其他处理,在烟叶收获后的土壤交换性钙含量显著高于其他处理,该处理在烟叶收获后上部烟叶和中部烟叶的镁含量、上部烟叶的钙含量也高于其他处理。针对植烟土壤交换性钙、镁偏低的区域,施用白云石粉3000 kg/hm^(2)有利于提升植烟土壤交换性钙、交换性镁和烟叶钙、镁含量。

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of dolomite powder and magnesium oxide fertilizer on the exchangeable calcium and magnesium content of tobacco growing soils,as well as the calcium,magnesium and other nutrient content of tobacco,so as to improve and scientifically validate tobacco fertilization methods.In the typical area of low exchangeable calcium and magnesium range of tobacco soils,different amounts of dolomite powder and magnesium oxide fertilizer were applied in a randomized block design.During the field plot test,the exchangeable magnesium and available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels in the soil,as well as the calcium,magnesium,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium levels in tobacco leaves,were measured at different growth stages.Additionally,the agronomic traits of maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width,plant height,stem circumference and pitch were observed.The results showed that the exchangeable magnesium content of the soil increased significantly with the application of 3000 kg/hm^(2) of dolomite powder during the 48 and 68 days of growth and after the tobacco harvest,compared to other treatments.Exchangeable calcium content in soil showed a significant increase after the tobacco harvest in comparison to other treatments.Upper and middle tobacco leaves had higher magnesium levels,and the upper tobacco leaves had higher calcium levels after the harvest than that in other treatments.In the field of tobacco soils with low levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium,the application of 3000 kg/hm^(2) of dolomite powder had the potential to increase the levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium in the soil and to increase the levels of magnesium and calcium in the tobacco leaves.The results could be used as a valuable reference for the optimization of fertilization practices.