辽瓦店子遗址城门祭祀遗存研究

Study on Sacrificial Pit for Sacrificial Ceremonies at City Gates Discovered at Liaowa-Dianzi Site

在辽瓦店子遗址北墙城门处发现一处祭祀坑遗迹,根据相关遗迹现象,并结合古籍记载及殷墟卜辞,推测该遗迹可能为古代神灵崇拜中的祭四方遗迹,并有与之相应的祭祀场所、祭祀设施及祭法。这一城门祭仪式可能与分布于陕北、晋中北地区的老虎山文化石类型密切相关。辽瓦店子祭祀遗存是目前发现的南方地区最早的城门祭祀遗存,对其性质、内容及源流的认识对于早期国家起源与发展的研究,具有重大意义。

A sacrificial pit has been discovered outside the gate of the north wall of Liaowa-Dianzi Site.In the light of related relics and finds,as well as records in ancient books and oracle bone inscriptions of the Yin Ruins,it is inferred that,in ancient times,the site probably witnessed offerings being made to minor gods governing all things on the land under heaven,which was a part of deity worship,and that there should be relevant sacrificial venues,facilities and rituals.The practice of holding sacrificial ceremonies at city gates may be closely related to Laohushan Culture of Shimao Culture type in northern Shaanxi as well as midand northern Shanxi.The sacrificial pit found at Liaowa-Dianzi Site is the earliest site of sacrificial ceremonies at city gates that has ever been discovered in the South.The understanding of the features,content,origin and development of this sacrificial pit is of great significance for the research into the source and development of early states.