基于Snyder希望理论的护理对急性白血病患儿及其照顾者的影响

Effect of nursing based on Snyder's hope theory on children with acute leukemia and their caregivers

目的探讨基于Snyder希望理论的沟通护理对急性白血病患儿治疗情绪及照顾者知识认知、心理状态的影响效果。方法选取2020年1月—2022年12月医院收治的符合纳入条件的150例急性白血病患儿作为研究对象,患儿均经免疫组化染色、骨髓形态细胞学等检查确诊。按照组间基线资料均衡可比的原则将其分对照组和观察组,每组75例,每例患儿纳入1名主要照顾者。对照组患儿及其照顾者接受常规护理,观察组患儿及其照顾者接受基于Snyder希望理论的健康教育,包括分级护理、家属赋权、家属正念减压三个方面,两组患儿及照顾者均持续护理干预1个月。比较两组患儿干预前后的治疗情绪[儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查量表(SCARED)]、患儿照顾者干预前后的知识认知评分及心理状态(Herth希望量表)。结果干预前,两组患儿DSRSC、SCARED评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组患儿DSRSC、SCARED评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患儿照顾者认知评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组患儿照顾者认知评分高于对照组患儿照顾者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预前,两组患儿照顾者Herth评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组患儿照顾者Herth评分高于对照组患儿照顾者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Snyder希望理论的沟通护理应用于急性白血病患儿及照顾者中效果较好,不仅能够有效改善急性白血病患儿负性情绪,还可以丰富照顾者自身知识认知水平,提高其希望水平,使其积极辅助患儿配合医护人员,促进和谐医护患关系,确保治疗护理相关工作顺利实施。

Objective To explore the effect of communication nursing based on Snyder's hope theory on the treatment emotions of children with acute leukemia and the caregivers'knowledge,cognition,and psychological state.Methods A total of 150 children with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 who met the inclusion conditions were selected as the research subjects.All children were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining,bone marrow morphological cytology and other examinations.According to the principle of balanced and comparable baseline data between groups,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 75 cases in each group,and one primary caregiver for each child.Children in the control group and their caregivers received routine care,while children in the observation group and their caregivers received health education based on Snyder's theory of hope,including three aspects:graded care,family empowerment,and family mindfulness-based stress reduction.Children in the two groups and caregivers continued nursing intervention for 1 month.The treatment emotions[depression self-rating scale for children(DSRSC)and the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders(SCARED)]of the two groups of children before and after the intervention,and the knowledge and cognitive scores and psychological states(Herth hope scale)of the children's caregivers before and after the intervention were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the DSRSC and SCARED scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the DSRSC and SCARED scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the cognitive scores of caregivers between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the cognitive score of caregiver in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the Herth scores of caregivers between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,the Herth score of caregiver in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Communication nursing based on Snyder's hope theory had a good effect when applied to children with acute leukemia and their caregivers.It can not only effectively improve the negative emotions of children with acute leukemia,but also enrich the caregiver's own knowledge and cognitive level and improve their level of hope,so that they can actively assist children to cooperate with medical staff,promote a harmonious doctor-nurse-patient relationship,and ensure the smooth implementation of treatment and nursing care.