PRECEDE-PROCEED健康教育模式在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用

Application of PRECEDE-PROCEED health education model in patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨PRECEDE-PROCEED健康教育模式在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年1月医院收治的慢性心力衰竭患者80例为研究对象,按组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组患者采取常规健康教育护理干预,观察组患者实施PRECEDE-PROCEED模式健康教育护理干预,出院后进行为期24周的随访观察。比较两组患者干预前后心功能[美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)分级标准分为Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级]、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、6 min步行距离(6MWT)、心力衰竭自我护理指数量表(SCHFI)及明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量量表(MLHFQ)评分。结果健康教育前,两组慢性心力衰竭患者心功能、SAS与SDS评分、6 min步行距离、自我护理能力与生活质量量表评分的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。健康教育后,观察组患者心功能改善情况优于对照组,SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,6MWT长于对照组,SCHFI评分高于对照组,MLHFQ评分低于对照组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明观察组患者干预效果优于对照组。结论在慢性心力衰竭患者临床护理中,开展PRECEDE-PROCEED健康教育模式利于改善慢性心力衰竭患者心功能及心衰状况,提高运动耐力,改善负性情绪,提高患者自我护理能力和生活质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of PRECEDE-PROCEED health education model in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods To select 80 patients with chronic heart failure admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 as the research subjects,they were divided into a control group and an observation group based on the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups,with 40 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received routine health education and nursing intervention,while patients in the observation group received PRECEDEPROCEED model health education and nursing intervention,and were followed up for 24 weeks after discharge.The cardiac function[New York Heart Association(NYHA)classification standard is divided into level I,level II,level III and level IV],Zung self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)scores,6-minute walking distance(6MWT),selfcare of heart failure index(SCHFI)and Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire(MLHFQ)scores of the two groups of patients before and after intervention were compared.Results Before health education,there was no significant difference in the cardiac function,SAS sores,SDS scores,6-minute walking distance,self-care ability and quality of life scale scores between the two groups of patients with chronic heart failure(P>0.05).After health education,the cardiac function improvement of the patients in the observation group was better than that of the control group,SAS and SDS scores were lower than those in the control group,the 6MWT was longer than that in the control group,the SCHFI score was higher than that in the control group,the MLHFQ score was lower than that in the control group,the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05),indicating that the intervention effect of the patients in the observation group was better than that of the control group.Conclusion In the clinical care of patients with chronic heart failure,carrying out the PRECEDE-PROCEED health education model was beneficial to improving the cardiac function and heart failure status of patients with chronic heart failure,improving exercise tolerance,improving negative emotions,and improving patients'self-care ability and quality of life.