种植方式对寒地水稻抗倒伏性状的影响

Effects of Planting Methods on Lodging Resistance of Rice in Cold

为了探索不同种植方式对寒地水稻抗倒伏能力的影响,以‘龙粳21’和‘龙稻18’为试材,比较研究了水直播、旱直播和插秧栽培模式下水稻的抗倒伏特性。种植方式对寒地水稻的抗倒伏特性有显著影响,但两品种表现不一致。其中,‘龙粳21’N1至N4节间的倒伏指数为插秧>水直播>旱直播,单茎抗推力为旱直播>插秧>水直播。‘龙稻18’N1、N3和N4节间的倒伏指数为插秧>旱直播>水直播,N2节间为旱直播>插秧>水直播,单茎抗推力均为水直播>插秧>旱直播。相关分析表明,提高寒地水稻抗倒伏能力应适当降低株高、重心高度和N1、N2节间的长度,不宜攻大穗。在寒地稻区,通过选择适宜的品种及合理地构建多穗和小穗的群体结构,既利于直播稻获得较高的产量,也有利于提高抗倒伏性。

In order to explore the effects of different planting methods on the lodging resistance of rice in cold area,the lodging resistance characteristics of two rice varieties,‘Longjing 21’and‘Longdao 18’,were studied under water direct seeding method,dry direct seeding method,and transplanting method.The planting methods influenced the lodging resistance characteristics of rice significantly in the cold region,but the performances of the two varieties were inconsistent.The lodging index of N1,N2,N3,and N4 internodes of‘Longjing 21’was transplanting>water direct seeding>dry direct seeding.The single stem thrust resistance of N1,N2,N3,and N4 internodes of‘Longjing 21’was dry direct seeding>transplanting>water direct seeding.The lodging index of N1,N3,and N4 internodes of‘Longdao 18’was transplanting>dry direct seeding>water direct seeding,whereas the lodging index of N2 internode was dry direct seeding>transplanting>water direct seeding.The single stem thrust resistance of N1,N2,N3,and N4 internodes of‘Longdao 18’was water direct seeding>transplanting>dry direct seeding.Correlation analysis revealed that the plant height,the gravity center height,and the length of N1 and N2 internodes should be reduced appropriately to increase rice lodging resistance in cold areas.The large panicle population structure should not be selected.These results suggested that the selection of suitable varieties combined with the establishing of numerous and small panicle population structure could lead to higher yield and better lodging resistance of direct seeding rice in cold area.