2020—2021年深圳市福田区新确证HIV/AIDS患者生存质量及其对抗病毒治疗状态的影响

Study on quality of life and its impact on antiviral treatment among newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients in Futian district of Shenzhen from 2020-2021

目的 调查深圳市福田区新确证HIV/AIDS患者生存质量及其对患者抗病毒治疗状态的影响,为改善患者生存质量、提高治疗依从性提供科学依据。方法 使用自行设计的一般人口学问卷,艾滋病相关问卷及WHO艾滋病生存质量简表对2020—2021年在深圳市福田区新确证HIV/AIDS患者286例开展调查,并于确证1年后随访治疗现状。结果 286例新确证HIV/AIDS患者以青年(75.52%)、未婚(79.72%)、大专及以上(60.84%)、处于HIV感染潜伏期(72.38%)、同性性传播人群(72.03%)为主,生存质量评价中生理、独立性、社会关系领域得分分别为(13.46±2.95)(14.59±2.58)和(13.48±2.42),低于全国常模(P<0.05);不同性别、感染阶段和CD4细胞计数水平是新确认HIV/AIDS患者生存质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。确证时,生理领域得分较低,心理、社会关系、环境领域得分较高的HIV/AIDS患者,分别为(12.89±2.94)(15.08±2.75)(14.05±2.43)(14.60±2.61),接受抗病毒治疗的保持情况较好。结论 深圳市福田区新确证HIV/AIDS患者生存质量评价中生理、独立性和社会关系领域得分较低,且生存质量对患者抗病毒治疗保持情况有影响,建议及早做好干预工作以提高患者生存质量及抗病毒治疗依从性。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and its impact on antiviral treatment among newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients in Futian district, Shenzhen, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving patients′quality of life and treatment compliance. Methods In total, 286 newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients from 2020 to 2021 in Futian district, Shenzhen were investigated by using self-designed general population questionnaire, AIDS related questionnaire and WHO AIDS Quality of Life Short Form,and the treatment status was followed up one year after confirmation. Results Of the 286 newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients, the majority were young(75.52%), unmarried(79.72%), junior college and above(60.84%), in the incubation period of HIV(72.38%),and homosexual sexually transmitted people(72.03%). The scores of life quality assessment in the fields of physiology(13.46±2.95), independence(14.59±2.58), and social relations(13.48±2.42) were lower than the national norm(P<0.05). Sex, stage of infection, and CD4 count level were the factors impacting on the quality of life among newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients. At the time of confirmation, the HIV/AIDS patients with lower scores in the physiological field of quality of life(12.89±2.94), higher scores in the psychological(15.08±2.75), social relations(14.05±2.43), and environmental(14.60±2.61) fields had better adherence to antiviral treatment. Conclusions Newly confirmed HIV/AIDS patients in Futian district, Shenzhen have lower scores in the fields of physiology, independence, and social relations in terms of quality of life, which are influenced by multiple factors.Moreover, the quality of life has a certain impact on patients' compliance with antiviral treatment. Therefore, it is advised that the early intervention is necessary to improve patient quality of life and adherence to antiviral treatment.