金代皇家仪仗初探

A Preliminary Study on the Royal Honorary Guards of the Jin Dynasty

金朝通过战争掠夺和机构修造建立起本朝皇家仪仗体系,包含了车舆、伞扇、旗帜、鼓吹和兵器等诸多种类。与此同时,金朝设置了有关仪仗保存、管理和使用的职官机构,既涉及殿前都点检司和宣徽院等机构,也涉及内廷宫官系统。金代皇家仪仗具有昭示统治阶级威仪的作用,同时还蕴含着与金朝政治生态变化相关的辅政以及宣示正统的内涵。可以说,金代皇家仪仗是金朝明制度、建礼制的标志之一,也是宋辽金时期北朝政权典制建设的一个重要表现。

The Jin Dynasty established a royal ceremonial guard system through war plunder and in⁃stitutional construction,which included various types such as chariots,umbrellas,flags,drums,and weap⁃ons.At the same time,the Jin Dynasty established official institutions related to the preservation,manage⁃ment,and use of ceremonial guards,which involved both the inspection department in front of the palace and the Xuanhui Academy,as well as the internal palace official system.The royal ceremonial guards of the Jin Dynasty played a role in demonstrating the authority of the ruling class,while also containing auxiliary politics related to the changes in the political ecology of the Jin Dynasty and the declaration of orthodoxy.It can be said that the royal ceremonial guard of the Jin Dynasty was one of the symbols of the Ming system and the establishment of the ritual system,and it was also an important manifestation of the construction of the Northern Dynasty’s political system during the Song,Liao and Jin dynasties.