对氯间甲酚及复方对氯间甲酚对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊的抑杀效果

Inhibitory and Killing Effect of p-chloro-meta-cresol and p-chloro-meta-cresol Compound on Eimeria tenella Oocysts

为验证苯酚类消毒剂对鸡球虫卵囊的抑杀作用,采用不同浓度的单体和复方对氯间甲酚消毒剂与未孢子化的柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊共孵育,检测其对卵囊孢子化率的影响;与孢子囊共同孵育,通过子孢子脱囊率评价其对子孢子释放的干扰。孢子化卵囊经过不同浓度消毒剂直接浸泡、粪便干扰下浸泡或喷雾处理后经口接种雏鸡,通过OPG和盲肠病变记分探究消毒剂处理对卵囊的繁殖力和鸡的致病性的影响。结果显示,2种消毒剂均可使孢子化率和子孢子脱囊率显著下降,且3种浓度的复方对氯间甲酚与3%氨水对照组(PC)的消毒效果无显著差异。直接浸泡处理试验结果显示,2%和3%复方对氯间甲酚(HTS2和HTS3)具有更为显著的抑杀效果,与PC无显著差异;粪便干扰试验结果显示,粪便作用下这两种消毒剂对球虫卵囊仍有理想的抑杀效果;喷雾处理试验结果显示,3%对氯间甲酚(HT3)对球虫卵囊抑杀效果最好,显著优于PC组(P<0.05),而2%对氯间甲酚(HT2)、HTS2和HTS3组的抑杀效果与PC组无显著差异。研究结果表明,不同浓度下这2种消毒剂对孢子化和未孢子化的柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊都有一定的抑杀作用,综合比较,复方对氯间甲酚消毒剂具有更强的抑杀球虫卵囊效果,具有代替氨水成为鸡球虫消毒剂的潜能。

To investigate the inhibitory effect of phenolic disinfectants on chicken coccidial oocysts,different concentrations of monomer or compound formulated p-chloro-m-cresol disinfectants were incubated with un-sporulated Eimeria tenella oocysts in vitro,and their effects on the sporulation rate of oocysts were detected.Besides,the sporozoite oocysts were incubated,and the interference of different disinfectants on the release of sporozoites was evaluated by sporozoite decapsulation rate.And then the sporulated oocysts were treated with three different ways:1)immersion with different concentrations of disinfectants;2)immersion with feces;3)spray,and then infect chicks by oral administration.The fecundity and pathogenicity of sporulated oocysts treated with disinfectants were measured by two indicators:oocysts per gram of feces(OPG)and cecal lesion score.The results showed that application of each disinfectant significantly reduced the rate of sporulation as well as release of sporozoites of Eimeria tenella,which had comparable effect with chlorom-cresol and 3%ammonia solution(P>0.05).Under the other two different treatments,the fecundity and pathogenicity of Eimeria tenella on chicken significantly decreased.There was no significant difference between HTS2,HTS3,and the PC group(P>0.05).The spraying treatment showed that 3%para-chloro-m-cresol(HT3)inhibited the killing activity of coccidial oocyst,which was even better than PC(P<0.05),while 2%para-chloro-m-cresol(HT2),HTS2,and HTS3 had similar inhibitory effect compared with PC,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05).This study revealed that these two disinfectants(at different concentrations)have notable inhibitory effects on both sporulated and unsporulated Eimeria tenella oocysts.Generally,the compound formula has better effect than the monomer formular,suggesting that it has potential of compound p-chloro-m-cresol disinfectant on coccidial oocyststo to replace ammonia solution.