认罪认罚案件中构建证据开示制度的设想

A Tentative Plan for Establishing an Evidence Disclosure System inCases of Confessing to Crime and Punishment

在刑事诉讼认罪认罚案件中构建证据开示制度的目的在于保障被追诉人认罪认罚的自愿性以及保证认罪认罚程序的正当性,进而提升认罪认罚从宽制度的公信力。国内外对于证据开示均进行了探索,作为典型的当事人主义诉讼模式的英国和美国在刑事证据开示制度的司法实践中成果显著。二战后,大陆法系国家日本、意大利等国发展成各具特色的刑事证据开示制度。我国的证据开示则分为两个阶段,第一个阶段是以法院为主导的探索阶段,第二个阶段是以检察院为主的探索。在上述探索中,检察机关在诉前与被追诉人、辩护人或者值班律师沟通,将与案件指控事实相关的证据进行简化集中展示,增强了被追诉人对认罪认罚结果的预测性;但是对于证据开示的范围、时间、主体、内容,开示方式等的有关规定,均不相同,这为我们的探索提供了有利借鉴。本文尝试在借鉴以上经验的基础上,对如何构建认罪认罚案件中的证据开示制度进行一定的探索。

The purpose of establishing the evidence disclosure system in the criminal case of guilty plea is to ensure the voluntary nature of the accused person's guilty plea and the legitimacy of the guilty plea procedure,so as to enhance the credibility of the leniency system of guilty plea.The discovery of evidence has been explored both at home and abroad,and the United Kingdom and the United States,as the typical litigant litigation mode,have achieved remarkable results in the judicial practice of criminal evidence discovery system.After World War II,civil law countries such as Japan and Italy have developed their own distinctive criminal evidence discovery systems.The discovery of evidence in our country is divided into two stages,the first stage is the exploration stage led by the court,the second stage is the exploration of the procuratorate.In the above exploration,the procuratorial organ communicated with the accused person,the defender or the duty lawyer before the prosecution,simplified and concentrated the evidence related to the alleged facts of the case,and enhanced the predictability of the accused person's guilty plea result;However,the relevant provisions on the scope,time,subject,content and mode of discovery of evidence are all different,which provides us with beneficial reference for our exploration.On the basis of the above experience,this paper tries to explore how to construct the evidence discovery system in plea cases.