烤燃条件下JEO聚能装药战斗部泄压结构研究

Research on the Pressure Relief Structure of JEO Shaped Charge Warhead during Cook-off

为提高JEO聚能装药战斗部的热安全性,对烤燃条件下JEO聚能装药战斗部的泄压结构进行研究。建立考虑热分解压力对烤燃过程影响的炸药烤燃多相流组分输送模型。设计多点测温-测压实验,对JEO炸药烤燃过程中的温度-压力变化特性进行研究并对模型相关参数进行校核,对聚能装药结构下JEO炸药的热分解过程进行数值模拟,获得不同升温速率下炸药温度、固相体积分数的变化规律,并确定了该结构下炸药的点火位置、点火压力。针对JEO炸药点火后的燃烧过程,引入泄压延迟时间,建立考虑泄压结构的炸药压力增长模型,确定该结构下JEO炸药的临界泄压面积,以热分解数值模拟中获得的点火位置和点火压力为初始条件,计算获得不同装药点火位置对炸药内部压力变化的影响规律。根据临界泄压面积、点火位置、炸药中的压力增长规律,确定侧壁泄压孔面积大小和端面药型罩压螺尺寸,设计适合该结构下JEO炸药的泄压孔-药型罩推出组合泄压结构。针对采用该泄压结构的JEO聚能装药战斗部进行快速烤燃和慢速烤燃实验,验证泄压结构的有效性。研究结果表明:随着升温速率的降低,JEO装药聚能战斗部的点火时间随之延长,点火位置由装药表面移动至装药中心;随着点火位置和泄压结构之间距离的增加,点火延迟时间增大,聚能装药战斗部内部压力峰值随之增加,战斗部的反应烈度随之增加。

A pressure relief structure of JEO shaped charge warhead during cook-off is studied to improve the thermal safety of JEO shaped charge warhead.A multiphase flow component transport model of explosive cook-off is established,in which the effect of thermal decomposition pressure on the cook-off process is considered.A multi-point temperature and pressure measurement experiment is designed to study the temperature and pressure change characteristics of JEO explosive during the cook-off process and check the relevant parameters of the model.The thermal decomposition process of JEO explosive in the shaped charge structure is numerically simulated to obtain the change laws of temperature and solid volume fraction of the explosive under different heating rates,and determine the ignition position and pressure of the explosive in the structure.In view of the combustion process of JEO explosive after ignition,the pressure relief delay time is introduced,and an explosive pressure growth model considering the pressure relief structure is established.The critical pressure relief area of JEO explosive in this structure is determined.The influence law of different charge ignition positions on the internal pressure change of the explosive is calculated and obtained by taking the ignition position and ignition pressure obtained in the thermal decomposition numerical simulation as initial conditions.According to the critical pressure relief area,ignition position and pressure growth in the explosive,the area of pressure relief hole on side wall and the pressure screw size of the end liner are determined,and a combined pressure relief structure of pressure relief hole and liner push-out suitable for JEO explosive in this structure is designed.Fast and slow cook-off experiments were carried out on JEO shaped charge warhead with the pressure relief structure,and the effectiveness of the pressure relief structure was verified.The research results indicate that as the heating rate decreases,the ignition time of JEO charge shaped charge warhead is prolonged,and the ignition position moves from the surface of the charge to the center of the charge.As the distance between the ignition position and the pressure relief structure increases,the ignition delay time increases,the peak pressure inside the shaped charge warhead increases,and the reaction intensity of the warhead also increases.