无人机火箭助推机构分离安全性研究

Research on Safe Separation Mechanism of UAV Rocket Booster

为提高火箭助推式无人机起飞时助推机构的分离安全性,提出一种可自动安全分离的无人机火箭助推机构。以某型号无人机为例,运用理论力学与刚体运动学知识建立以分离安全性最优为目标的助推机构理论模型,得出助推机构中关键参数的设计依据并建立助推机构的三维模型。运用刚体动力学分析方法得到助推机构的分离运动轨迹,搭建包含助推机构和模拟无人机部分的实验系统,验证助推机构分离轨迹和分离姿态与仿真结构有一致的变化趋势。研究结果表明,该助推机构在分离过程中可有效规避安全隐患,提高分离安全性。

A UAV rocket booster which can be separated automatically and safely is proposed to improve the separation safety of booster mechanism of rocket-propelled UAV during take-off.Taking a UAV as an example,a theoretical model of UAV booster with the goal of optimal separation safety is established by using theoretical mechanics and rigid body kinematics knowledge.The design basis of the key parameters in the booster is obtained,and a three-dimensional model of booster is established.The separation trajectory of the improved separation mechanism is obtained by using the rigid body dynamics analysis method.An experiment system including the booster and the simulated UAV part is established to verify that the separation trajectory and attitude of the booster have the same changing trend with the simulation structure.The results show that the booster can effectively avoid the hidden danger in the process of separation,and improves the safety of the booster mechanism separation.