基于联合仿真的波浪能发电装置PTO系统参数优化研究

Parameter optimization research and co-simulation application on PTO system in WEC

PTO(power take-off)系统是波浪能发电装置(wave energy converter,WEC)的重要组成部分。本文针对摇臂式波浪能发电装置,提出一种机械式PTO系统,考虑发电机负载与机械传动的影响,开展摇臂浮子水动力性能与PTO系统的联合仿真研究。分析摇臂浮子在不同行程工作模式下的运动响应,并对联合仿真模型的PTO系统参数进行优化。研究发现:在目标海况下,本项目设计的发电装置,双行程工作的WEC系统功率显著高于单行程工作状态,双行程WEC最佳功率对应的传动比约为72.5;单行程工作的摇臂浮子在低传动比(小于60)下的上升、下降功率近乎相等,随着传动比的增加,上升、下降行程的功率相较于双行程模式都分别递增,且下降行程功率大于上升行程功率。本文采用的联合仿真方法可为不同海况与各类振荡浮子式波能发电装置的设计与选型提供参考。

PTO(power take-off)system is an important part of wave energy converters(WECs).In this paper,a mechanical PTO system was proposed for a WEC with a float arm.Co-simulation study of the hydrodynam⁃ic performance of float-arm buoy and PTO system under the influence of generator load and mechanical transmission was carried out.The motion responses of the buoy under different stroke modes were analyzed,the parameters of the PTO system of the co-simulation model were also optimized.The results show that the power of the WEC with double strokes is significantly higher than that of the WEC with a single stroke,and that the transmission ratio corresponding to the optimal power of the WEC with double strokes is about 72.5.For the buoy working with a single stroke,the ascending stroke power is nearly equal to the descending stroke power under a low transmission ratio(less than 60).With the increase of transmission ratio,both the power of the ascending stroke and the power of descending stroke increase compared with that of dual-stroke mode,while the descending stroke power is larger than the ascending stroke power.The co-simulation meth⁃od may provide a reference for the design and optimization of various point absorber WECs under different sea conditions.