山东省部分宠物犬饲养免疫情况问卷调查与分析

Questionnaire Investigation and Analysis on the Immunization of Pet Dogs in Shandong Province

为更好地开展狂犬病防控与净化工作,采用问卷调查的方式,对山东省16个地市80家宠物医院的接受服务宠物犬进行摸底调查,并探讨了宠物犬饲养免疫情况对山东省狂犬病无疫区建设的影响。结果显示:宠物犬饲养者以18~40岁人群为主,占总数的66.92%;主要饲养小型犬,占67.87%;92.70%的饲养者为宠物犬进行了狂犬病疫苗免疫,其中78.67%的饲养者在幼犬3月龄时为其进行首次狂犬病疫苗免疫,94.40%的已免疫狂犬病疫苗的宠物犬能够得到定期的加强免疫接种;93.38%的饲养者选择携带患病犬前往动物医院就医,61.95%的饲养者为犬佩戴免疫标识或将标识随身携带。结果表明:山东省各地宠物犬饲养者具有一定的疫病防疫知识,基本掌握了宠物犬饲养中的疫病防控风险点,这有利于山东省狂犬病无疫区建设的推进。部分宠物犬饲养者对于当地动物疫病防控相关政策法规以及专业知识仍缺乏科学全面的认识,因此需要继续加大狂犬病防控的宣传力度,加强对宠物市场的监督管理和对饲养者的专业指导,这将是今后山东省狂犬病无疫区建设工作的重点。

In order to effectively prevent,control and purify rabies in Shandong Province,a questionnaire investigation was conducted for pet dogs that had received medical care in 80 animal clinics in 16 municipalities,and the impact of raising of pet dogs and their immunization level on the construction of rabies free zones in the province was discussed.The results showed that the owners of pet dogs were mainly 18 to 40 years old,accounting for 66.92%;small dogs were in the majority,accounting for 67.87%;92.70%owners made their dogs immunized with rabies vaccines,of whom 78.67%did it for the first time when their dogs were at 3-month age,94.40%vaccinated dogs regularly received booster vaccination;93.38%owners could bring sick dogs to animal clinics for medical treatment,and 61.95%owners put the immunization identifications on their dogs or carried with the identifications.In conclusion,the owners in Shandong Province knew how to prevent animal diseases to certain extent,and basically understood the risk points for disease prevention and control,which was conducive to the construction of rabies free zones.But some owners knew little about local policies and regulations on animal disease prevention as well as expertise,it was thus necessary to further increase the publicity of rabies prevention and control knowledge,strengthen supervision and management for pet markets,and to provide professional guidance for the owners,which would be also a priority in the construction of rabies free zones in Shandong Province in the future.