《反不正当竞争法》中创制性商业道德标准的重塑

Reshaping Business Ethics Standards in Anti-unfair Competition Law

对于《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》中的创制性商业道德,“去道德化”的观念与实体法的体系相违背,其主张的纯粹利益衡量范式造成司法实践的“二律背反”困境。对此,应当重塑创制性商业道德的标准。道德包含强调主观动机的义务论和强调客观结果的后果论,与之对应的创制性商业道德包括经营者主观过错和竞争行为对核心利益的损害两方面内涵。经营者主观过错的核心标准是行为的特定针对性,合同关系和同业竞争关系可作为参考;对核心利益的损害包括对消费者自由选择能力与其他经营者业绩竞争能力的损害。当下,我国的司法实践零散体现出创制性商业道德的部分考察要素,但尚未形成系统性判断思维。

In Law of the People s Republic of China on Anti-Unfair Competition,the current concept of“de-moralization”is contrary to the system of substantive law,and the paradigm of pure benefit measurement has caused the dilemma of“dichotomy”in judicial practice.In this regard,the business ethics standard should be reshaped.The concept of morality includes the obligation view emphasizing the subjective motive and the consequence view emphasizing the objective result,and the corresponding business ethics includes the subjective fault of the operator and the damage to the core interests of competition.The core criterion of operator s subjective fault is the specific targeting of behavior,and contractual relationship and inter-competition relationship can be used as reference;the damage to core interests includes the damage to consumers ability to freely choose and the damage to other operators ability to compete in performance.At present,China's judicial practice has reflected some investigation elements of creative business ethics,but has not yet formed systematic judgment thinking.