数实融合的理论机制、模式选择与推进方略

Theoretical Mechanism, Mode Selection and Promotion Strategies of Digital-Real Integration

推进数字技术和实体经济深度融合成为全球经济发展新趋势。产业数字化升级、企业数字化转型、劳动力技能变革成为数实融合的典型特征。理论机制分析表明:数实融合贯穿整个社会再生产过程,推动着生产、分配、流通、消费环节发生深刻变革。数实深度融合需要加速生产融合、分配融合、流通融合、消费融合。数实融合可选择“新IT”驱动、数据+场景生态、组织结构数字化三种典型模式,涉及技术架构、业务场景、组织管理层面。现阶段,地区间(产业间、企业间)数字鸿沟犹存、数据要素市场体系不完善、关键核心技术面临“卡脖子”问题、数字化人才供给明显不足、知识产权保护法制化建设滞后等因素制约了数实融合发展。加速推进数实融合,应加强数字基础设施建设,加快弥合地区间、产业间、企业间数字鸿沟;加快推进数据要素市场体系建设,不断完善数据要素治理体系;加强核心数字技术攻关,加速突破“卡脖子”关键核心技术;强化数实融合复合型人才培养,建立完善人才发展机制;加大知识产权保护力度,强化监督管理,促进数实融合可持续发展。

Promoting the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy has become a new trend in global economic development.Digital upgrading of industries,digital transformation of enterprises,and transformation of workforce skills have become typical features of digital-real integration.Theoretical analysis mechanism shows that:digital-real integration runs through the whole process of social reproduction and promotes profound changes in production,distribution,circulation and consumption links.The deep digital-real integration needs to accelerate production integration,distribution integration,circulation integration and consumption integration.Three typical modes of digital-real integration can be chosen:"new IT"-driven,data-scenario ecology,and digitalization of organizational structure,involving technical architecture,business scenarios and organizational management.At this stage,the digital divide between regions/industries/enterprises still exists,the market system of data elements is not perfect,key core technologies are facing"neck"problems,and the supply of digital talents is obviously insufficient,and the legalization of intellectual property protection is lagging behind and other factors have restricted the development of digital-real integration.In order to accelerate the digital-real integration,it is necessary to further promote the typical model of digital-real integration;strengthen the construction of digital infrastructure,accelerate the bridging of the digital divide between regions/industries/enterprises;promote the construction of data element market system,and continuously improve the data element governance system;strengthen the core digital technology research,and accelerate the breakthrough of"neck"key core technology;strengthen the training of composite talents with the digital-real and establish a perfect talent development mechanism;increase the protection of intellectual property rights,strengthen supervision and management,and promote the sustainable development of digital-real integration.