“麻”的语义虚化和“麻了”的语用化

On Semantic Defuzzification of“Ma”and Pragmatization of“Ma Le”

“麻了”是非句法结构,“麻”和“了”之间不构成直接的句法关系。随着“麻”的语义不断虚化,非句法结构的“麻了”不再局限于表示肉体触觉,开始表示心理上的“懵、郁闷、无语”和“麻木”。成词的“麻了”发生语法化,成为程度副词,甚至发展出话语标记功能。基于此,研究从共时层面分析“麻了”的句法特征,同时从历时角度分析“麻(了)”的语义演变和语用化过程,并探究其中的机制和动因。

“Ma Le”is a non-syntactic structure,and“Ma”and“Le”do not constitute a direct syntac⁃tic relationship with each other.With the continuous defuzzification of the meaning of the word“Ma”,the non-syntactic structure of“Ma Le”is no longer limited to denoting physical touch,but starting to indicate psychological“ignorance,depression,speechlessness”and“numbness”.The word“Ma Le”gets grammaticalized,becomes a degree adverb,and even has the function of discourse marker gradually,and analyze the lexical and grammatical.Based on this,we attempt to analyze the syntactic characteristics of“Ma Le”at the synchronic level,and the semantic evolution and pragmatization process of“Ma(Le)”from the diachronic perspective at the same time,and explore its the mechanism and motivation.