基于综合区划的渭河流域自然资源动态变化特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of natural resources dynamic changes in Weihe River Basin based on comprehensive regionalization

为促进渭河流域自然资源“两统一”管理和野外监测体系构建,通过自然资源和环境地理要素确定区划指标,进一步细化自然资源综合区划,为渭河流域自然资源可持续利用和高质量发展提供科学依据和决策支撑。将研究区划分为8个自然资源亚区(二级区划)和17个自然资源地区(三级区划),2000—2020年,研究区自然资源演替表现在耕地、森林和草原三者之间的转换,总体趋势为耕地资源减少、森林资源增加,其中耕地与草原的相互转化主要位于鄂尔多斯盆地温带矿产—草—耕资源亚区、陇中高原暖温带草、耕资源亚区和陇东黄土高原草原资源地区;草原与森林的相互转化主要位于秦岭北麓森林和水资源地区、陇东黄土高原森林资源地区、六盘山-陇山森林资源地区。流域内自然资源的分布及转换受自然条件制约,但自然因素对自然资源的影响是一个漫长的过程,人口增长、经济社会的快速发展、政策调控等人为因素仍是影响自然资源时空动态分异最重要的驱动力。渭河流域自然资源综合区划对自然资源的综合管理、开发利用及生态保护修复具有重要意义。

In order to promote the construction of the"two unified"management and field monitoring system for natural resources in the Weihe River Basin,this paper has utilized natural resource and environmental geographic elements to determine the indices of regionalization elements.We have further refined the comprehensive regionalization of natural resources.This comprehensive regionalization can provide a corresponding scientific basis and decision-making support for the sustainable utilization and high-quality development of natural resources in the Weihe River Basin.The study area was divided into 8 natural resources sub-regions(secondlevel)and 17 natural resources districts(third-level).From 2000 to 2020,the conversion of natural resources focused on the transformation among forests,cultivated land,and grassland.The trend in natural resources was a decrease in cultivated land resources and an increase in forest resources in the study area.The mutual transformation of cultivated land and grassland is mainly located in the temperate mineral,grassland and cultivated resources sub-region of Ordos Basin,the warm temperate grassland and cultivated land resources sub-region of the Loess Plateau of Central Gansu,and the grassland resources districts of Longdong Loess Plateau.The mutual transformation of grassland and forest is mainly located in the forest and water resources districts of the North Piedmont ofQinling Mountain, the forest resources districts of Longdong Loess Plateau, and the forest resources districts of Liu-p'an Mountains.The distribution and dynamic changes of natural resources are constrained by natural conditions, however, natural factors have a longlasting effect on natural resources. Human factors, including population growth, economic and social development, and policyregulation and control, are the most important driving forces of the temporal and spatial dynamic changes of natural resources. Thecomprehensive regionalization of natural resources in the Weihe River Basin is of great significance for comprehensive management,development and utilization of natural resources, and ecological protection and restoration.