新疆某花岗岩矿地质环境特征及生态修复治理研究

矿产资源是社会发展的重要保障,近年来,随着国家对矿产资源需求的持续增长,矿业开采行业得到快速发展。矿山开采对周边地质环境影响较严重,矿山建设之前有必要对生态环境影响进行预测与评估。根据矿山生产建设规模评估,矿山生产及建设期间,采矿场、废石堆放场、办公生活区、荒料堆放场和矿山道路对土地将产生挖损和压占损毁,预测损毁土地面积合计48.75 hm^(2)。通过对矿山地质环境影响评估得出,预测评估矿山地质灾害的影响程度较轻-较严重;预测矿山开采对地形地貌景观影响严重-较严重-较轻。针对上述问题,在矿山开采和闭坑后,根据区域内的自然生态环境、社会经济发展等进行全面分析,充分考虑当地政府与民众对此提出的合理建议,依据土地复垦适宜性评价结果,结合工程土地复垦适宜性分析,对损毁土地的复垦采取砌体拆除工程、废弃物外运、削坡工程和平整工程等治理方案,实现防灾减灾和生态恢复的目的。

Mineral resources are an important guarantee for social development.In recent years,with the continuous growth of national demand for mineral resources,the mining industry has developed rapidly.Mining has a serious impact on the surrounding geological environment,so it is necessary to predict and evaluate the impact of ecological environment before mine construction.According to the evaluation of the scale of mine production and construction,during the period of mine production and construction,the mining site,waste rock dump,office and living area,waste material dump and mine road will cause excavation damage and compression damage to the land.The total area of damaged land is predicted to be 48.75 hm^(2).Through the mine geological environment impact assessment,it is concluded that the impact of mine geological disasters is mild-serious,and that the impact of mining on topography and geomorphology landscape is"serious-slightly serious-slight".In view of the above problems,after mining and closing the pit,a comprehensive analysis is carried out according to the natural ecological environment and social and economic development in the area,and the reasonable suggestions put forward by the local government and people are fully considered.according to the results of land reclamation suitability evaluation,combined with the suitability analysis of engineering land reclamation,masonry demolition project,waste transportation,slope cutting project and leveling project are adopted for the reclamation of damaged land,so as to achieve the purpose of disaster prevention and reduction and ecological restoration.