章质夫《水龙吟》杨花词异文考辨

Textual Research into Variants of Willow Catkins in The Song of the Water Dragon by ZHANG Zhifu

章质夫《水龙吟》咏杨花词有一处异文,第三句起或作“轻飞乱舞,点画青林,全无才思”,或作“轻飞点画青林,谁道全无才思”。明清批评家卓人月、万树等留意到了这一处异文并提出了不同的观点,而今人选本多以“轻飞乱舞”为正。文章通过考察此词在宋明词选中的传播路径与文本演变历程,推测“乱舞”二字乃明代顾从敬刊刻《类编草堂诗余》时羼入。综合版本流变、文本解读、词律规范等多角度分析,此处作“轻飞点尽,青林谁道,全无才思”更接近作品原貌。

In ZHANG Zhifu's The Song of the Water Dragon,there is a textual variant in the verse that praises willow catkins(yanghua).In the third line,they are written as“[the willow catkins]”lightly flying and dancing,dotting the green woods,but devoid of talent and sentiment.They are untalented in a poem by HAN Yu who is a well-known poet in Tang Dynasty.They also alternatively are depicted as“[the willow catkins]lightly fly,dotting the green woods,and who says they are devoid of talent and sentiment?”Critics in Ming and Qing Dynasties,such as ZHUO Renyue and WAN Shu,noticed this textual variant and proposed different viewpoints.However,contemporary scholars mostly consider the former version as the correct one.By examining the dissemination path and textual evolution of this verse in anthologies both from Song and Ming Dynasties,this paper speculates that the term luanwu(dancing in disorder)was mixed when GU Congjing engraved the verse in the Classified Ci-poem from a Thatched Cottage during Ming Dynasty.A comprehensive analysis is conducted from various perspectives,including textual variation,text interpretation,and prosodic norms.It is concluded that the line should be rendered as(The willow catkins)gracefully dance,and they,like embellishment,paint the green woods.No such remark as“they are untalented and apathetic”.The rendition proposed in this paper is closer to the original form of the work.