我国高等教育数字化转型建设路径的定性比较分析

Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Digital Transformation Construction Paths of Higher Education in China

高等教育数字化转型是推动高等教育高质量发展的关键举措,也是加快实现高等教育现代化的必由之路｡研究基于TOE框架,从技术､组织､环境三个维度构建高等教育数字化转型分析框架,提炼出数字技术嵌入､战略规划､数字素养与能力､开放教育资源､协作共享五个条件变量｡运用清晰集定性比较分析(csQCA)方法,以组态视角对我国28个高等教育数字化转型典型实践案例进行分析,探索条件变量之间的“多向互动”以及不同条件组合对高等教育数字化转型产生的“联合效应”｡研究发现,单一条件无法单独构成高等教育数字化转型高水平建设的必要条件;高水平建设路径包括“合作驱动型”､“潜力发挥型”和“禀赋优越型”;在特定的客观禀赋条件下,数字技术嵌入和战略规划可以通过等效替代以“殊途同归”的方式推动高等教育数字化转型.

Digital transformation of higher education is a key initiative to promote the high-quality development of higher education and a necessary way to accelerate the modernization of higher education.Based on the TOE framework,the study constructed an analytical framework for digital transformation of higher education from three dimensions:technology,organization and environment,and extracted five conditional variables:digital technology embedding,strategic planning,digital literacy and competence,open educational resources,and collaboration and sharing.Using a crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis(csQCA)method,28 typical practice cases of digital transformation of higher education in China were analyzed from perspective of configuration,exploring the“multi-directional interaction”among conditional variables and the“joint effect”of different combinations of conditions on the digital transformation of higher education.The study finds that a single condition cannot alone constitute the necessary conditions for the high-level construction of digital transformation of higher education;that the paths of high-level construction include“cooperation-driven”,“potential-exploitation”and“endowment superiority”;and that under specific objective endowment conditions,the embeddedness of digital technology and strategic planning can be used to promote the digital transformation of higher education in the same way by means of equivalent substitution.