基于外观性状和内在指标划分没药药材商品规格等级研究

Research on Commercial Myrrha Grades Based on Appearance and Intrinsic Quality Indexes

目的:制定没药药材商品规格等级标准。方法:收集来自主流药材市场和企业不同规格等级的没药药材样品,测定其性状、薄层色谱、杂质、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、挥发油、指纹图谱等指标,通过统计学分析,结合文献考证和市场调研,根据规格等级与外观性状、内在指标成分的关系,提炼没药药材商品分级的核心要素和规律,建立新的没药药材商品规格等级标准,并探讨其科学性和实用性。结果:在符合《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版质量标准的前提下,将性状、薄层色谱鉴别、黄棕色或棕红色没药块含量、浸出物、总灰分、杂质、挥发油作为规格等级划分的核心量化要素具有一定科学依据。建立的天然没药、胶质没药高效液相色谱特征图谱重复性好、专属性强,能清晰地鉴别天然没药和胶质没药2种规格。结论:制定了没药药材商品规格等级标准,能充分反映没药市场商品质量优劣情况。

Objective:To establish the standard of commercial Myrrha grades.Methods:Different commercial grades of Myrrha samples were collected from mainstream medica materia markets and enterprises.The samples were measured in appearance,thin layer chromatography(TLC),impurities,total ash,acid insoluble ash,extracts,volatile oil,fingerprints,etc.Through statistical analysis and combined with literature and market survey,the core elements and regularities of commercial Myrrha grades were extracted according to the relationship between the commercial grades and the appearance and intrinsic quality indexes.A new standard of commercial Myrrha grades was established to explore the scientificity and practicability of Myrrha.Results:On the premise of conforming to the quality in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),it is scientific to take the following indexes as the core quantitative elements in grade classification:appearance,TLC,content of yellow brown or brownish red Myrrha blocks,extracts,total ash,impurities,and volatile oil.The established HPLC method well distinguished Myrrha and Opoponax for its good reproducibility and specificity.Conclusion:The standard of commercial Myrrha grades was developed,which accurately reflect the quality and circulation of Myrrha in the market.