光伏直流配电故障诊断及火灾风险评估技术

Fault Diagnosis and Fire Risk Assessment of Photovoltaic DC Power Distribution System

长期服役的光伏发电系统直流配电故障概率高、火灾风险及危害大,严重影响光伏电站的运行安全、发电与出力能力,并对电站运维提出故障与火灾精准检测的技术挑战。为此,从生产现场直流配电柜故障分析入手,揭示接触不良、绝缘劣化、故障电弧、电气火灾的演变机理;分析国内外故障电弧诊断与火灾检测技术的理论成果应对在运电站电弧火灾的有效性,提出故障电弧预诊断与火灾检测技术的应用解决方案。研究结果表明,提出的故障电弧诊断与火灾检测技术应用方案,弥补直流继电保护对串联电弧故障无法保护的不足,能够有效诊断故障电弧并检测烟雾和高温,避免火灾及其扩大事故的发生。

The DC power distribution fault probability,fire risk and harm of the photovoltaic power system which has been in service for long term are high,which seriously affects the operation safety,power generation and output capacity of the photovoltaic power plant,the technical challenge of accurate fault and fire detection for power plant operation and maintenance are put forward.Therefore,starting with the fault analysis of DC distribution cabinet on the production site,the evolution mechanism of poor contact,insulation deterioration,fault arc and electrical fire is revealed based on the analysis of the effectiveness of the theory of fault arc diagnosis and fire detection technology at home and abroad to deal with the arc fire in power station,the application solution of fault arc pre-diagnosis and fire detection technology is put forward.The research results show that the scheme of arc fault diagnosis and fire detection technology proposed in this paper can make up for the deficiency of DC relay protection in series arc fault protection,effectively diagnose fault arc and detect smoke and high temperature to avoid the occurrence of fire and extended accidents.