多维度心理干预在儿童腰椎穿刺围手术期中的应用效果分析

Analysis of the Application Effect of Multidimensional Psychological Intervention in the Perioperative Period of Lumbar Puncture in Children

目的 研究基于语言沟通技巧的心理护理在儿童腰椎穿刺术中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年3月至2023年3月于我院接受腰椎穿刺术的104例患儿进行研究,采用随机数字表法将其分成观察组(n=52)和对照组(n=52)。其中观察组接受基于语言沟通技巧的心理护理,对照组接受常规护理。比较两组家长的护理满意度、焦虑水平、患儿配合度、疼痛程度、心理状态。结果 干预后,观察组患儿的护理配合程度高,疼痛程度分级为轻/中度者占比高于对照组患儿(P <0.05)。穿刺前、穿刺时、穿刺后,观察组患儿家长的焦虑评分均低,护理总满意度高于对照组患儿家长(P <0.05)。干预3、5 d后,观察组患儿的焦虑性情绪障碍筛选量表(SCARED)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)评分低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 基于语言沟通技巧的心理护理可有效改善患儿及其家长的心理状态,提高患儿配合程度及患儿家长护理满意度,辅助患儿减轻疼痛程度。

Objective To study the clinical effect of psychological nursing based on language communication skills in children undergoing lumbar puncture.Methods A total of 104 children who underwent lumbar puncture in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were selected for study.They were divided into observation group(n=52)and control group(n=52)by random number table method.The observation group received psychological nursing based on language communication skills,while the control group received routine nursing.The nursing satisfaction,anxiety level,cooperation degree of children,pain degree and psychological state of parents were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the observation group had a higher degree of nursing cooperation and a higher proportion of children with mild/moderate pain grading than the control group(P<0.05).Before,during and after the puncture,the anxiety scores of the family members of the children in the observation group were lower,and the total nursing satisfaction was higher than that of the family members of the children in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of Screen for Children's Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)and Depression Self-rating Scale for Children(DSRSC)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group 3 and 5 days after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions Psychological nursing based on language communication skills can effectively improve the psychological state of children and their parents,improve the degree of cooperation of children and the nursing satisfaction of children's parents,and assist children to reduce the degree of pain.