收入不确定性对农村居民幸福感的影响分析

Analysis of The Impact of Income Uncertainty on Subjective Well-being of Rural Residents in Ethnically Underdeveloped Areas:Also on The Heterogeneous Effect in Different Age Groups

居民生活幸福感及其影响因素一直是研究的热点,而以收入水平、收入增长速度、收入渠道稳定状况衡量家庭收入不确定性,发现:(1)收入不确定性对农村居民主观幸福感有着显著影响。具体而言,收入水平与主观幸福感之间呈现倒“U”型关系;收入对主观幸福感的“隧道效应”比较明显,即收入增长速度比周边家庭高,那么受访者的幸福感会得到明显提升,反之则显著下降;收入渠道稳定与否和主观幸福感密切相关。(2)不同年龄群体对幸福感的认知存在差异:青年群体更看重收入与住房状况,中年群体更看重教育条件、负债情况与社会网络关系,老年群体更在意医疗条件、养老保险与人居环境。(3)收入不确定性对家庭生活、财产、医疗、教育和捐献这五类消费支出的影响具有异质性。

Residents'happiness of life and its influencing factors have always been the focus of research,and household income uncertainty is measured by income level,income growth rate and income channel stability,this paper found that:(1)Income uncertainty has a significant impact on the subjective well-being of rural residents.Specifically,there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between income level and subjective well-being.The“tunnel effect”of income on subjective well-being is obvious,that is,if the income growth rate is higher than that of the surrounding families,the happiness of the respondents will be significantly improved,and otherwise,it will be significantly decreased.The stability of income channels is closely related to subjective well-being.(2)Different age groups have different cognition of happiness:young people pay more attention to income and housing conditions,middle-aged people pay more attention to education conditions,debt and social network relations,and elderly people pay more attention to medical conditions,pension insurance and living environment.(3)The impact of income uncertainty on five categories of consumption expenditure is heterogeneous:family life,property,health care,education and donation.