烧伤整形术后切口感染的相关影响因素及护理策略分析

Analysis of the relevant influencing factors and nursing strategies of incision infection after burn plastic surgery

目的 分析烧伤整形术后切口感染发生的相关影响因素及其护理策略。方法 回顾性分析2020年4月至2022年4月莆田九十五医院收治的131例烧伤整形术后患者的病历资料,统计其术后切口感染发生情况;另收集患者的一般资料,以多因素logistic回归分析模型分析患者术后切口感染发生的有关影响因素。结果 131例烧伤整形患者,术后共有14例出现切口感染,发生率为10.69%(14/131);单因素分析结果显示,年龄、性别、BMI、烧伤部位、术前备皮时间、住院时间与烧伤整形患者术后切口感染的发生无关,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);合并基础疾病、术后抗生素使用种类、手术时间、术后残余创面、术区残留瘢痕与烧伤整形患者术后切口感染的发生有关,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有合并基础疾病、术后抗生素使用种类≥2种、手术时间≥200 min、有术后残余创面、有术区残留瘢痕为烧伤整形患者术后切口感染发生的主要影响因素(P <0.05)。结论 烧伤整形术后切口感染的发生因素具有多样性,如有合并基础疾病、术后抗生素使用种类≥2种、手术时间≥200 min、有术后残余创面、有术区残留瘢痕等。因此,临床应根据相关影响因素施以针对性的护理措施,积极烧伤整形术后切口感染发生。

Objective To analyze the relevant influencing factors and nursing strategies of incision infection after burn plastic surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 131 patients undergoing burn plastic surgery in Putian No.95 Hospital from April 2020 to April 2022,and the incidence of postoperative incision infections was counted.The general information of patients was collected and the multivariate logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the relevant influencing factors of postoperative incision infection in patients.Results Among the 131 patients undergoing burn plastic surgery,a total of 14 had postoperative incision infections,with an incidence rate of 10.69%(14/131).Univariate analysis showed that age,gender,BMI,burn site,preoperative skin preparation time,and hospital stay were not related to the occurrence of postoperative incision infections in patients with,without statistically significant differences(P>0.05).The combination of underlying diseases,types of postoperative antibiotic use,surgical time,postoperative residual wound surface and residual scar in the surgical area were related to the occurrence of postoperative incision infections in patients undergoing burn plastic surgery,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors for postoperative incision infections in patients undergoing burn plastic surgery were the combination of underlying diseases,≥2 types of postoperative antibiotic use,surgical time≥200 minutes,postoperative residual wound surface,and residual scars in the surgical area(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence factors of incision infection after burn plastic surgery are diverse,such as the combination of underlying diseases,≥2 types of postoperative antibiotic use,surgical time≥200 minutes,postoperative residual wound surface,and residual scars in the surgical area.Therefore,targeted nursing measures should be taken in clinical practice based on relevant influencing factors to actively prevent incis ion infections after burn plastic surgery.