老年女性冠心病患者健康促进生活方式现状及影响因素研究

目的评价老年女性冠心病患者健康促进生活方式现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,运用自行设计的一般人口学资料调查表、健康促进生活方式量表-II、自我护理能力测定量表、领悟社会支持量表于2019年1月至2020年6月间对杭州市3家二级以上综合性医院的335例老年女性冠心病患者进行横断面研究。结果老年女性冠心病患者健康促进生活方式总分为(125.86±25.65)分,6个维度中人际关系维度为(23.26±4.84)分、营养维度为(24.00±4.40)分、健康责任维度为(21.45±4.78)分、运动维度为(15.97±5.41)分、压力管理维度为(19.29±4.52)分、自我实现维度为(21.89±5.55)分。多元回归分析结果显示领悟社会支持、自我护理能力、居住地为城市、年龄均进入回归方程,拟合模型可解释总变异的53.8%。结论老年女性冠心病患者健康促进生活方式水平处于“一般”状态,6个维度中运动维度得分最低,营养维度的得分最高。年龄、居住地为城市、自我护理能力、领悟社会支持是其影响因素。

Objective To evaluate health-promoting lifestyle status and their influencing factors among elderly female patients with coronary heart disease.Methods A cross-sectional descriptive design and convenience sampling method study was conducted.A total of 335 patients from three general hospitals in Hangzhou between January 2019 to June 2020 were investigated using a general demographic questionnaire,the health-promoting lifestyles profile-Ⅱ,the exercise of self-care agency scale and perceived social support scale.Results The average score of the health-promoting lifestyles total score was(125.86±25.65).For the six dimensions,the interpersonal relations,nutrition,item average scores of health responsibility,physical activity,stress management and spiritual growth were(23.26±4.84),(24.00±4.40),(21.45±4.78),(15.97±5.41),(19.29±4.52)and(21.89±5.55),respectively.Multiple regression analysis revealed that predictor explained 53.8%of the variance in the health-promoting lifestyles.Conclusion The level of the health-promoting lifestyles is average in elderly female patients with coronary heart disease,with the highest score in nutrition and lowest score in physical activity.The variables of age,living space,self-care ability and social support can serve as effective of health-promoting lifestyles.