心脏移植围手术期心理护理的研究进展

Research Progress of Perioperative Psychological Nursing After Heart Transplantation

近年来全世界每年大约有5000例行心脏移植手术的成人和儿童患者。心脏移植围手术期心理应激可引起患者焦虑、抑郁,增加患者围手术期不健康行为,可直接影响患者的预后。心脏移植前患者的心理状态已成为心脏移植受体选择的标准之一。因此,减少心脏移植受者的心理压力至关重要。有多项研究表明心脏移植围手术期心理护理对患者预后可产生显著的积极影响。护理人员应以患者为中心,为患者制定个体化心理干预方案,帮助患者建立积极的心态去面对疾病,改善患者预后。

In recent years,about 5000 heart transplants are performed annually in adults and children worldwide.Psychological stress during the perioperative period of heart transplantation can cause anxiety and depression,increase the unhealthy behavior of patients during the perioperative period,and directly affect the prognosis of patients.The psychological state of patients before heart transplantation has become one of the criteria for selecting recipients for heart transplantation.Therefore,it is important to reduce the psychological stress of heart transplant recipients.A number of studies have shown that perioperative psychological care can have a significant positive impact on patient outcomes after heart transplantation.Nursing staff should take patients as the center,develop individual psychological intervention programs for patients,help patients to establish a positive attitude to face the disease,improve the prognosis of patients.