不同品种大黄降尿酸、抗炎和泻下作用比较研究

Comparative Studies on Uric acid-lowering,Anti-inflammatory,and Purgative Effects of Different Varieties of Dahuang

目的:研究不同品种大黄降尿酸、抗炎和泻下的作用。方法:选取体质量相近的Wistar大鼠90只,通过次黄嘌呤及氧嗪酸钾建立急性高尿酸血症模型,应用角叉菜胶建立足肿胀模型和复方地芬诺酯建立便秘模型,给予药用、掌叶及唐古特大黄高(5 g/kg)、低剂量(1.25 g/kg)水提物,实验另设空白组、阴性对照组和阳性对照组。通过检测给药前后大鼠血液中尿酸值考察降尿酸作用,通过大鼠足肿胀度和足组织液总蛋白含量考察抗炎作用,通过6 h内首次黑便时间、总黑便次数和大鼠结肠内Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATP酶活力含量考察泻下作用。结果:大黄具有降尿酸作用,其效果依次为掌叶大黄、药用大黄和唐古特大黄,3种大黄之间存在差异(P<0.05);大黄有一定的抗炎作用,其效果依次为唐古特大黄、掌叶大黄和药用大黄,3种大黄之间存在差异(P<0.05);大黄具有泻下作用,其效果依次为唐古特大黄、掌叶大黄和药用大黄,3种大黄之间存在差异(P<0.05)。结论:大黄水提取物有较强的降尿酸、抗炎和泻下作用,不同品种之间药理作用存在一定差别,临床应区别用药。

To compare uric acid(UA)-lowering,anti-inflammatory,and purgative effects of different varieties of Dahuang(rhubarb,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma).Methods:All 90 Wistar rats of similar body mass were selected,and prepared into the models with acute hyperuricaemia via hypoxanthine and potassium oxonate,foot swelling models were established through the application of carrageenan gum,constipation models were built up via compound diphenoxylate,and they were given aqueous extract of rhubarb for medicinal use(Rheum officinale Baill.),Zhangye rhubarb(Rheum palmatum L.)and Tangut rhubarb(Rheum tanguticum Maxim.ex Balf.)in high dose(5 g/kg)and low dose(1.25 g/kg),a blank group,negative control group and positive control group were also set up in the experiment.To survey uric acid-lowering effects by detecting UA in the blood of rats,to explore antiinflammatory effects by observing rat foot swelling and measuring the contents of total protein in foot tissue fluid,and to investigate the purgative effects by observing the time of first dark stool within six hours,total number of dark stool,and the contents and activity of colon Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATP enzyme.Results:Rhubarb could significantly lower the levels of UA,ranking in the order of effects:Zhangye rhubarb,rhubarb for medicinal use and Tangut rhubarb,and there was a significant difference(P<0.05);rhubarb owns certain anti-inflammatory effects,ranking in the order of effects:Tangut rhubarb,Zhangye rhubarb and rhubarb for medicinal use,the differences existed between three kinds of rhubarb(P<0.05);rhubarb possesses purgative effects,and it ranked in the sequences:Tangut rhubarb,Zhangye rhubarb and rhubarb for medicinal use,noticeable differences existed between three kinds of rhubarb(P<0.05).Conclusion:Aqueous extract of rhubarb has stronger effects of lowering UA,resisting inflammation and purgative effects,certain differences exist in pharmaceutical effects between different varieties of rhubarbs,and it should be differentiated in clinical practice.