减化增施有机肥和新型肥料对辣椒农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Reducing Chemical Fertilizers and Increasing Organic Fertilizers and New Fertilizers on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Pepper

为观测新型肥料与常规肥料不同配施方案在辣椒生长和产量上的作用,选用菌肥(地康宝)、有机硅钙镁肥和土壤调理剂(蓝海半岛)3种新型肥料,设计了9个肥料配施方案进行试验研究。结果表明,随着有机肥增施和复合肥减施,产量呈先升后降的趋势,在T2[机肥2 000 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+复合肥40 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)]时最高,较对照总施肥量提高30.77%,增产25.25%,但肥料利用率(PFP)较对照下降4.25%;新型肥料处理相较于对照均增加了地下部分干物质含量,其中T6[有机肥1 500 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+复合肥60 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+有机硅钙镁肥60 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)]有明显增产效果,产量和偏生产力(PFP)分别比对照高43.81%和38.61%,较T2总施肥量减少20.59%,增产14.82%,PFP提高44.76%;T5处理地康宝菌肥能提高PFP,但与对照差异不显著;通过不同的配施方案研究还发现所选3种新型肥料的肥效不够稳定,还需要后续完善改进。

In order to observe the effects of different formulas of new fertilizer and conventional fertilizer on the growth and yield of pepper,three new fertilizers of Dikangbao microbial fertilizer,organic silicon calcium magnesium fertilizer and blue sea peninsula soil conditioner were selected,and nine fertilizer formulations were designed for experiment.The results showed that with the increase of organic fertilizer and the decrease of compound fertilizer,the yield increased first and then decreased,and reached the peak at T2[application of organic fertilizer 2000 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+compound fertilizer 40 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)],which was 30.77%higher than that of the control,and the yield increased by 25.25%,but the fertilizer utilization rate(PFP)began to decrease.Compared with the control,the new fertilizer treatment increased the dry matter content of the underground part.Among them,T6[application of organic fertilizer 1500 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+compound fertilizer 60 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)+organic silicon calcium magnesium fertilizer 60 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)]had a significant yield-increasing effect.The yield and PFP were 43.81%and 38.61%higher than the control,respectively,and 20.59%lower than the total fertilizer application rate of T2,with an increase of 14.82%and PFP increased by 44.76%.Dikangbao microbial fertilizer in T5 improved PFP,but the difference was not significant between the treatments;Through different formula tests,it was also found that the fertilizer efficiency of the selected three new fertilizers were not stable enough.