土壤与移栽方式对烤烟生长及经济效益的影响

Effects of Soil and Transplanting Method on Growth and Economic Benefit of Flue-cured Tobaccos

为探明天柱烟区不同土壤类型的适宜移栽方式,采用2因素裂区试验设计,即2种土壤类型为主区(黄壤、水稻土),5个移栽方式为副区(常规移栽、膜下小苗移栽、井窖移栽、鸭嘴移栽、营养块移栽),研究土壤与移栽方式对烤烟生长及经济效益的影响。结果表明,黄壤土和水稻土下,烤烟均以营养块移栽的生育期较早;水稻土×井窖移栽、黄壤×膜下小苗移栽的烤烟农艺性状表现较佳;在水稻土中进行井窖移栽和在黄壤中进行膜下小苗移栽的烤烟,其经济性状均表现较好;用工及成本以黄壤×膜下小苗移栽、水稻土×井窖移栽较低,营养块移栽在黄壤土和水稻土中均较高。天柱烟区水稻土以井窖式移栽方式移栽,黄壤以膜下小苗移栽方式移栽,烤烟农艺性状表现较好,经济效益较高,用工及成本低。该研究可为天柱烟区不同土壤类型配套适宜的移栽方式提供理论参考。

In order to investigate the suitable transplanting methods of different soil types in Tianzhu Tobacco Area,a two-factor split zone experiment design was used,namely two main soil types(yellow soil and paddy soil)and five secondary transplanting methods(conventional transplanting,seedling transplanting under membrane,well cellar transplanting,duck bill transplanting and nutrient block transplanting).The effects of soil and transplanting method on the growth and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco were studied.The results showed that the growth period of flue-cured tobacco was shorter under the yellow loam soil and paddy soil.The agronomic characters of flue-cured tobacco were better in paddy soil×well cellar transplanting and yellow soil×film seedling transplanting.The flue-cured tobacco transplanting in paddy soil and seedling transplanting in yellow soil showed better economic characteristics.The labor cost and seedling transplanting under yellow soil×film and paddy soil×well pit were lower,while the nutrient mass transplanting in yellow loam and paddy soil were higher.In Tianzhu Tobacco Area,paddy soil was transplanted by well cellar and yellow soil by small seedling under film.Flue-cured tobacco showed better agronomic characters,higher economic benefits and lower labor and cost.This study provided theoretical references for suitable transplanting methods of different soil types in Tianzhu tobacco area.