不同类型肥料对重庆地区“长林”系列油茶3个品种幼树生长的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Types on Growth of Changlin Clones in Camellia oleifera in Chongqing

[目的]为获得重庆地区油茶幼树生长的最佳肥料配方,对定植后的2年生油茶“长林”系列3个无性系幼树进行为期3年的施肥试验,筛选出适宜油茶幼树生长的最佳施肥比例,为提高油茶经济效益奠定基础。[方法]设置4个处理,即每年11月施用复合肥(C_(0.5),0.50 kg/株),复合肥+油茶专用有机肥(C_(0.25)O_(0.5),无机肥0.25 kg/株,有机肥0.50 kg/株),油茶专用有机肥(O_(1),1.00 kg/株)以及空白对照(CK),测定油茶幼树的树高、地径及冠幅等指标来比较和分析肥料类型间的差异。[结果]施肥促进油茶高生长,但影响不显著(P>0.05),其中以复合肥+油茶专用有机肥效用最好,与CK相比,长林3号、长林4号、长林40号增长量分别为38.46%、10.77%、22.22%;施肥显著影响油茶地径、冠幅生长(P<0.05),以复合肥+油茶专用有机肥处理增长量最大,与CK相比,地径增长量分别为125.33%、47.76%、12.87%,冠幅增长量分别为30.30%、13.00%、46.75%。[结论]复合肥与油茶专用有机肥配施对“长林”系列油茶提质增效具有积极作用。

[Objective]In order to obtain the best fertilizer formula for the growth of Camellia oleifera,a 3-year fertilization experiment was carried out on three kinds of Changlin clones in Camellia oleifera,and the optimal fertilization ratio suitable for the growth of Camellia oleifera was selected,which laid the foundation for improving the economic benefits of Camellia oleifera.[Method]Four treatments were set up in this experiment,that is,compound fertilizer(C_(0.5),0.50 kg/plant),compound fertilizer+organic fertilizer(C_(0.25)O_(0.5),compound fertilizer 0.25 kg/plant,organic fertilizer 0.50 kg/plant),organic fertilizer(O_(1),1.00 kg/plant)and the control(CK).Tree height,basic diameter and crown diameter of young Camellia oleifera were measured to compare and analyze the differences between fertilizer types and varieties.[Result]The results showed that fertilization promoted the height growth of Camellia oleifera,but the effect was not significant(P>0.05),among four types of treatments,the compound fertilizer+special organic fertilizer had the best effect for Camellia oleifera,compared with CK,the two-year growth amount of Changlin 3,Changlin 4 and Changlin 40 was 38.46%,10.77%and 22.22%higher,respectively.Fertilization significantly affected the growth of ground diameter and crown width of Camellia oleifera(P<0.05),and the compound fertilizer+special organic fertilizer for Camellia oleifera treatment group had the largest growth amount,compared with CK,the growth amount of ground diameter was 125.33%,47.76%and 12.87%higher,respectively,and the growth amount of crown width was 30.30%,13.00%and 46.75%higher,respectively.[Conclusion]The results of this study showed that the combination of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer for Camellia oleifera had positive effects on improving the quality and efficiency of Changlin clones in Camellia oleifera.