摘要
圩田是古代杭州西湖地区土地利用的重要形式。圩田的发展在给西湖带来危机的同时也为其后期从生产设施到观赏景观的转变提供了机遇。以大量历史文献资料为基础,研究圩田背景下浙西水利景观的发展演化,全面考察宋代西湖风景营建的历程与特点。在此基础上,具体探讨了圩田传统对宋代西湖风景营建的影响,认为圩田系统的发展促进了杭州“田—城—湖”关系的确立,推动宋代西湖水利设施建设,后期经过官民对西湖景观的整合,推动圩田作为审美要素在西湖风景营建中进行表达,使得西湖从非游观性的城郊水体向具有观赏价值的公共风景转变。并得出以下三点结论 :(1)圩田的治理贯穿了宋代西湖风景营建的整体过程;(2)基于水利功能的圩田特征及形态成为宋代西湖风景建设的景观基因;(3)围绕圩田与风景的博弈与选择,使得宋代成为杭州西湖从自然景观转化为人文景观的关键时期。
The polder fi eld was an important form of land use in the West Lake area of ancient Hangzhou.The development of polder fi elds not only brought crisis to West Lake,but also provided opportunities for its later transformation from production facilities to orna-mental landscapes.Based on a large amount of historical literature,this paper studies the development and evolution of water con-servancy landscapes in Western Zhejiang under the background of polder fi elds,and comprehensively examines the process and characteristics of the construction of West Lake scenery in the Song Dynasty.On this basis,the infl uence of the tradition of polder fi elds on the construction of the West Lake landscape in the Song Dynasty was specifi cally explored.It was believed that the devel-opment of the polder fi eld system promoted the establishment of the“fi eld city lake”relationship in Hangzhou,and promoted the construction of water conservancy facilities in the West Lake during the Song Dynasty.Later,through the integration of the West Lake landscape by offi cials and civilians,polder fi elds were promoted to be expressed as aesthetic elements in the construction of the West Lake landscape,transforming the West Lake from a non-scenic suburban water body to a public landscape with ornamen-tal value.The following three conclusions are drawn:(1)The governance of polder fi elds ran through the overall process of the construction of West Lake scenery in the Song Dynasty;(2)The characteristics and forms of polder fi elds based on water conser-vancy functions became the landscape genes for the construction of the West Lake landscape in the Song Dynasty;(3)The game and choice between polders and scenery made the Song Dynasty a crucial period for the transformation of West Lake in Hangzhou from a natural landscape to a cultural landscape.
作者
都铭
陈贇
DU Ming;CHEN Yun(School of Architecture and Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,310018)
出处
《园林》
2024年第2期38-44,共7页
Landscape Architecture Academic Journal
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“近代城市风景空间整合背景下江南园林的演化与转型研究”(编号:18YJAZH016)。
关键词
圩田传统
宋代
西湖
风景营建
the tradition of polder fi elds
Song Dynasty
West Lake
landscape construction