江南文脉视域下的钟山文化特质研究

Research on the Characteristics of Zhongshan Culture from the Perspective of Jiangnan Cultural Context

江南地区是中华文明的重要发祥地之一,以长三角地区为其主要分布区,江南文化所处的地理环境成就了江南文脉延续的特征。江南名山作为孕育江南文化的重要地理空间形态,也成为江南文脉延续的载体。作为南京母亲山的钟山曾有多个称谓,自魏晋存史,延续至唐时便名列江南名山,不仅具有物质文化特质,也具有非物质文化特质。基于对江南文脉式样的考察,通过对历史文献的考据整理,以钟山名称演变历史的文化背景为基础,建立以“山名+八地”时空分析为路径的历史名山演进技术逻辑,梳理出钟山所蕴含的“八地”文化特质,即山水形胜地、形便分界地、军事要冲地和皇陵禁封地的物质文化特质,八景游赏地、寺院道观地、雅集文兴地和修身隐逸地的非物质文化特质,力图展现江南文脉中名山文化的显性式样与隐性式样,为实现江南文脉的传承创新,构建解读历史名山文化特质的体系模式提供思路借鉴,以期促进江南文脉更好地奔流向前。

The Yangtze River Delta region is the main distribution area in the Jiangnan region.The geographical environment of Jiangnan has played a crucial role in shaping the continuous development of its cultural heritage.The famous mountains of Jiangnan form the geographical space of its culture and act as carriers for its continuation.Zhongshan,known as the“Mother Mountain”of Nanjing,has had various names since the Wei and Jin Dynasties,becoming one of the famous mountains of Jiangnan during the Tang Dynasty.It is characterized by both tangible and intangible cultural traits.Based on an examination of the Jiangnan cultural style and historical documents,the article constructs a historical and spatial analysis technique,focusing on the evolution of mountain names combined with“Eight Places”.It identifi es the cultural traits of Zhongshan,including its tangible aspects like the place of scenic Dragon Coiling Landscape,the place of boundary-defi ning city mountain,the place of key strategic lock and key terrain,and the the place of restrict-ed prosperous land of upper Ji,as well as intangible aspects such as the the place of prosperous eight sights for tourism,the place of temples and Taoist temples in mountain and forest,the place of poetic and elegant gatherings,and the the place of retreats of famous scholars for self-cultivation.The article aims to display both the explicit and implicit cultural patterns of famous mountains in the Ji-angnan cultural lineage,offering insights for the inheritance and innovative development of Jiangnan culture and providing a system-atic model for interpreting the cultural characteristics of historical mountains,thereby promoting the forward fl ow of Jiangnan culture.