无托槽隐形矫治器在儿童前牙美学治疗中的应用效果及对舒适满意度和咀嚼功能的影响

Effect of Invisalign Invisible Orthodontic Appliances in the Aesthetic Treatment of Anterior Teeth in Children and Their Impact on Comfort Satisfaction and Masticatory Function

目的:研究无托槽隐形矫治器在儿童前牙美学治疗中的效果,并观察是否影响患儿的舒适满意度及咀嚼功能。方法:本文采用前瞻性研究,选择笔者医院2018年1月-2022年1月行前牙正畸治疗的86例患者为研究对象,随机将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。观察组患儿采取无托槽隐形矫治器矫治,对照组患儿采取传统固定矫治器矫治。比较两组患儿的治疗美学效果、咀嚼指标、上气道形态、颞下颌关节、矫治测量指标以及并发症之间的差异。结果:观察组患儿的前牙美学分类为Ⅰ类的比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患儿的美观度、舒适度、固定力、语言功能满意度以及咀嚼效率评分均显著提升,且观察组患儿评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);L1MP、SNA、LPW、UPW方面,两组患儿均改善明显,且观察组较对照组更优(P<0.05);两组患儿的关节窝深度、关节结节倾斜角、髁突长轴、矢状面倾斜角、髁突上部高、髁突相对位置显著改善,且观察组的相关指标均优于对照组(P<0.05);两组患儿的U1-NA、L1-NB、U1-APg、U6-PtPNS均显著降低,且观察组显著低于对照组(均P<0.05);两组患儿的牙龈感染、周围组织炎症反应、口腔不适发生概率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:无托槽隐形矫治器应用于儿童前牙美学治疗中,能显著提升患儿舒适满意度和咀嚼功能,治疗效果显著。

Objective To study the effect of invisible bracketless orthodontic treatment in children's anterior aesthetic treatment,and to observe whether it affects the children's comfort satisfaction and masticatory function.Methods In this paper,a prospective study was used to select 86 patients who underwent anterior orthodontic treatment in the author's hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 as the study subjects,and the patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 43 cases in each group.Children in the observation group were treated with bracketless invisible aligners,and children in the control group were treated with traditional fixed aligners.The aesthetic effect of treatment,masticatory indexes,upper airway morphology,temporomandibular joints,orthopaedic measurements and complications were compared between the two groups.Results The proportion of children in the observation group with anterior teeth aesthetically classified as Class I was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the aesthetics,comfort,fixation force,satisfaction with speech function,and masticatory efficiency scores of the two groups were significantly improved,and the scores of the children in the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of L1MP,SNA,LPW,and UPW,both groups improved significantly,and the observation group was better than the control group(P<0.05).The depth of the articular fossa,the angle of inclination of the articular nodes,the long axis of the condyles,the angle of inclination of the sagittal plane,the height of the condylar supraspinatus,and the relative position of the condyles improved significantly in both groups,and the observation group was better than the control group in all the related indexes(P<0.05);The U1-NA,L1-NB,U1-APg and U6-PtPNS were significantly reduced,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(all P<0.05).The probability of gingival infection,inflammatory reaction of peripheral tissues,and oral discomfort in the children of the two groups were compared,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of bracketless invisible aligners in the aesthetic treatment of children's anterior teeth can significantly improve the children's comfort satisfaction and masticatory function,and the therapeutic effect is remarkable.