瘢痕疙瘩的临床治疗进展

Progress in Clinical Treatment of Keloid

瘢痕疙瘩是在皮肤受到损伤后,形成一种外表高出皮肤表面,病变范围超出原始损伤边界以外,并不会随时间自行消退的病理性瘢痕。其发病机制十分复杂,目前主要诱因包括成纤维细胞过度增殖、胶原及细胞外基质(Extracellular matrix,ECM)的过度沉积、血管过度生成等。传统的治疗方式是以手术为主,但术后复发率极高,故根据瘢痕疙瘩的不同临床特点,衍生出了许多种治疗方式。本文将从手术治疗、物理治疗、药物治疗、生物治疗等方面来综述近年的治疗进展,以期为瘢痕疙瘩的临床治疗提供参考。

Keloid is a kind of pathological scar,when the skin is damaged,the lesion area extends beyond the boundary of the original lesion and higher than the normal skin surface,in addition it will not disappear spontaneously over time.The pathogenesis of keloid is very complicated to study.Currently,the main causes include excessive proliferation of fibroblasts,excessive deposition of collagen and extracellular matrix,and excessive generation of blood vessels.Traditional treatment methods are mainly composed of surgical treatment,but the postoperative recurrence rate is extremely high.According to the different clinical characteristics of keloid,many treatments have been derived.This article will review the progress of keloid treatment from surgical treatment,physical therapy,drug treatment and biological therapy,hoping to bring enlightenment to the future clinical work.