学前教育质量监测核心质量基准的研制与启示——基于美国二十年来《学前教育年鉴》的分析

The Development and Implication of the Core Quality Benchmarks of Early Education Quality Monitoring-Analysis Based on 20 Years'The State of Preschool:State Preschool Yearbook

学前教育质量监测是服务政府决策、提升教育教学质量的重要途径,其前提与核心是构建科学有效的监测指标体系。美国早期教育研究所研制了学前教育质量评估的十项质量基准,并通过不断修订,增加过程性质量指标比重,提升过程性质量基准线,重视可持续质量促进系统的建设。该评估基准作为监测指标体系最重要的组成部分在全美广泛使用。借鉴美国学前教育质量评估基准建构思路,我国在构建学前教育质量监测指标体系时应重点关注课程支持,聚焦互动质量,进一步加大过程性质量监测指标的比重;注重资质能力,加强个性化指导,有目的地提升教师队伍质量监测的基准水平;基于评估数据,瞄准系统改进,将持续改进系统作为质量监测指标的核心。

Early education quality monitoring system is an important way to serve government decision-making and improve the quality of education and teaching and its premise and core is to build a scientific and effective monitoring index system.The National Institute of Early Education Research(NIEER)in America has proposed ten quality benchmarks for assessing the quality of preschool education,and through continuous revision,it has increased the proportion of the process quality indicators,improved the process quality baseline,and paid attention to the construction of a sustainable quality promotion system.The assessment benchmarks are widely used throughout the United States as the most important component of the monitoring index system.Drawing on the idea of constructing the assessment benchmark for the quality of preschool education in America,China should focus on curriculum support,pay attention to the interaction quality,and further increase the proportion of process quality monitoring indicators when constructing the quality monitoring index system for preschool education;focus on qualification competence,strengthen personalized guidance,and purposely raise the baseline level of monitoring the quality of the teaching force;based on the assessment data,aim at systematic improvement,and take the sustainable quality improvement system as the core of quality monitoring indicators.